TABLE 3.

Health system resources: Consumables

Contraception package	Item	Expected units per case	Unit cost 2021 price in MWK	Unit cost 2021 price in USD a
Contraception initiation	Pregnancy Slide Test Kit (Human ‐ Chorionic Gonadotrophin (Hcg))_100_MM192300_CMST, strip	1	32	0.04
pill	Ethinylestradiol 0.03 mg + levonorgestrel 0.15 mg_Each_FP000800_CMST, cycle //80% patients//; or Microlut (Levonorgestrel 0.03 mg)_Each_FP004200_CMST, cycle //20% patients//	3.75	493 b	0.62
IUD	Glove disposable powdered latex medium_100_HH077700_CMST, pair	2	37	0.05
	IUD, Copper T‐380A	1	26	0.03
Injections	Medroxyprogesterone acetate injection 150 mg/mL, 1 mL vial with 2 mL syringe with 22 g 0.7 × 25 mm needle_Each_BB049500_CMST, ampule	1	481	0.61
	Glove disposable powdered latex medium_100_HH077700_CMST, pair	1	37	0.05
	Water for injections, 10ml_Each_BB077100_CMST	1	32	0.04
	Povidone iodine 10% solution_200 ml_DN004470_CMST, 5 mL sachet	1	85	0.11
	Gauze, swabs 8‐ply 10cm x 10cm_100_FF010800_CMST	1	16	0.02
Implant	Gauze, swabs 8‐ply 10cm x 10cm_100_FF010800_CMST	1	16	0.02
	Jadelle(implant)_Each_FP003700_CMST, 2 rods //50% patients//; or Implanon (Etonogestrel 68 mg)_Each_FP004100_CMST, 1 rod //50% patients//	1	760 c	0.96
	Trocar	0.1	312	0.39
	Syringe, needle + swab	2	200	0.25
	Needle suture intestinal round bodied ½ circle trocar_6_CMST	1	179	0.23
	Lidocaine HCl (in dextrose 7.5%), ampoule 2 mL	2	310	0.39
	Glove disposable powdered latex medium_100_HH077700_CMST, pair	3	37	0.05
	Povidone iodine 10% solution_200ml_DN004470_CMST, 5 mL sachet	1	85	0.11
Male condom	Condom, male	30	21	0.03
Female sterilization	Povidone iodine 10% solution_200ml_DN004470_CMST, 5 mL sachet	2	85	0.11
	Paracetamol 500 mg, tablets_1000_AA049500_CMST, tablet	8	4	0.01
	Glove surgeons size 7 sterile_Pair_HH080400_CMST	2	302	0.38
	Tape, adhesive, 2.5 cm wide, zinc oxide, 5 m roll	0.25	1558	1.97
	Catgut chromic suture sterile 0, 75 cm, round‐bodied ½ circle 40 mm needle_12_GG000600_CMST	3	307	0.39
	Gauze, swabs 8‐ply 10cm x 10cm_100_FF010800_CMST	2	16	0.02
	Syringe, autodestruct, 5ml, disposable, hypoluer with 21g needle_Each_HH150000_CMST + alcohol swabs/wipes 70% isopropyl alcohol 100 pieces_100_FF000300_CMST	3	154	0.19
	Diazepam 5 mg/mL, 2ml_Each_BB024000_CMST	1	130	0.17
	Atropine sulphate 600 micrograms/ml, 1ml_Each_BB006600_CMST //1 unit 50% patients → 0.5 units per case//	0.5	121	0.15
	Lidocaine HCl (in dextrose 7.5%), ampoule 2 mL	1	310	0.39
	Cotton wool, 500g_Each_FF007800_CMST	0.2	2690	3.4
	Polyamide monofilament suture sterile 1, on 40 mm 3/8 circle reverse cutting needle_12_GG005100_CMST	3	179	0.23
other modern	Female Condom_Each_FP003500_CMST	30	22	0.03

^a 1 USD = 790 MWK, xe.com:771–818 MWK in 2021: https://www.xe.com/currencycharts/?from=USD&to=MWK&view=5

^b Weighted average cost of the alternatives. According to the Essential Health Package 2021 data assembled to cost the Health Sector Strategic Plan III (2023–2030) (Health Benefits Package data) (Government of the Republic of Malawi ²⁰²³), Levonorgestrel 0.15 mg + ethinyl estradiol 30 mcg (Microgynon) is given to 80 percent of patients and Levonorgestrel 0.0375 mg to 20 percent of patients. The cost per cycle is 531.1 MWK (2021) and 340.4 MWK (2021), respectively.

^c Weighted average cost of the alternatives. According to the Essential Health Package 2021 data assembled to cost the Health Sector Strategic Plan III (2023–2030) (Health Benefits Package data) (Government of the Republic of Malawi ²⁰²³), Jadelle and Implanon (Etonogestrel 68 mg) are given to 50% of patients. The unit cost per rod is 449.05 MWK and 622.12, respectively. Two rods of Jadelle, but only 1 rod of Implanon are used. Jadelle lasts five years, and Impanon lasts three years, therefore we assume the time between appointments to be four years (=0.5*5 + 0.5*3), which is 1,461 days (Table 2).