Figure 2.

Schematic representation of five omics levels. The genome, epigenome, transcriptome, proteome, and metabolome are represented, with technologies, types of data, data outputs, and important applications summarized. These five levels together comprise the patient characteristics or phenome. Important connections between the different levels are also represented, including transcription, histone modification and transcription factor (TF)-binding and translation. Reproduced from [129]. Copyright, The Authors, 2018. Published by Oxford University Press. Distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).