Table 1.
Patient characteristics.
| Patient | Age range (years) | Sex | Seizure onset | Thalamic stim. localization | All 145 Hz, duty cycle stim. | Duration thalamic HF stimulation | Med. change |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 16–20 | m | Diffuse bifrontal, left hemisphere lead in | R-AM/AV/VApc; L-AM/AV/VApc | 145 Hz, 90usec, 5.7 mA (divided) 1m. on 1m. off | 7 Hr | NC |
| 2 | 46–50 | m | Left middle temporal gyrus | L-AV/VLpd | 145 Hz, 90 us, 3.6mA, continuous | 1.2 Hr | NC |
| 3 | 21–25 | m | Bilateral hippocampus, left lead in | AM/AV, R-MTT, VAmc, VLpv, CeM | 145 Hz, 200 us, 3.7mA, 1m. on 1m. off | 1.8 Hr | NC |
| 4 | 11–15 | m | Right occipital, peri-lesion (perinatal stroke) | R-PulM | 145 Hz, 200 us, 5.8mA, 1m. on 3m. off | 4.25 Hr | change (increase LTG, add ZNS 100 QHS) |
| 5 | 16–20 | f | Left hippocampus, peri-lesion (neoplasm) | L-VLpv | 145 Hz, 200 us, 4.6mA, 1m. on 3 off | 4.25 Hr | NC |
| 6 | 66–70 | f | Left neocortical and mesial temporal | L-VApc/MTT | 145 Hz, 200 us, 4.3mA, 1m. on 3 off | 1; 5.75 Hr | NC |
| 7 | 41–45 | m | Bilateral anterior cingulate | R-VApc | 145 Hz, 200 us, 2.5mA, 1m. on 3 off | 0.5 Hr | NC |
| 8 | 16–20 | f | Right superior temporal gyrus | R-VApc | 145 hz, 200 us, 3.3mA, 1m. on 3 off | 9.75 Hr | NC |
| 9 | 6–10 | f | Pre- and post-central gyri, peri-lesion (FCD) | L-VLpv | 145 Hz, 200 us, 2.8mA, 1m. on 5 off | 0.5 Hr | NC |
| 10 | 16–20 | f | Multifocal, right anterior/middle insula, amygdala, temporal neocortex | R-AV | 145 Hz, 90 us, 3.2mA, 1m. on 5 off | 0.75 Hr | Rescue IV lorazepam & LEV pre baseline |
The duration of thalamic high frequency stimulation is the active stimulation time (does not include off-phase of duty-cycle stimulation). L=left. R=right. FCD=focal cortical dysplasia. ANT=anterior nucleus of the thalamus. Thalamic nuclei abbreviations, Krauth/Morel atlas13. PulM=medial pulvinar. AM=anteromedial nucleus. AV=anteroventral nucleus. VApc=ventral anterior nucleus, parvocellular division. VLa=ventral lateral anterior nucleus. VLpv=ventral lateral posterior nucleus, ventral division. CeM=central medial nucleus. Duty-cycle (on-period and off-period) noted in minutes. NC=no change in regimen during the HF stimulation and single pulse stimulation period. LEV=levetiracetam.