Table 3.
Performance analysis for the proposed model.
| Sensor | Parameter | Measurement range | Optimal range |
|---|---|---|---|
| EC and TDS sensor | Electrical conductivity (EC) | 0–4 ms/cm | 0.5–1.5 ms/cm |
| TDS sensor | Total dissolved solids (TDS) | 0–3000 ppm | 500–1000 ppm |
| Fertilizer sensor | Nitrogen (N) | 0–200 ppm | 50–100 ppm |
| Fertilizer sensor | Phosphorus (P) | 0–50 ppm | 20–30 ppm |
| Fertilizer sensor | Potassium (K) | 0–300 ppm | 150–250 ppm |
| NPK sensor | Nitrogen (N) | 0–200 ppm | 60–100 ppm |
| NPK sensor | Phosphorus (P) | 0–50 ppm | 30–40 ppm |
| NPK sensor | Potassium (K) | 0–300 ppm | 200–300 ppm |
| Humidity sensor | Soil moisture | 0–100% | 40–60% |
| temperature sensor | Soil temperature | 10–40 °C | 20–25 °C |
| Carbon dioxide sensor | Carbon dioxide (CO2) | 0–10,000 ppm | 300–500 ppm |
| pH meter | Soil pH | 4–10 | 5.5–6.5 |
| Optical rain gauge | Rainfall | 0–1000 mm/year | 500–800 mm/year |