Table 3.

Antimalarial activity of selected diarylpentanoid analogues and derivatives against P. falciparum CQ-sensitive (3D7), P. falciparum CQ-resistant (Gombak A) and P. knowlesi A1H1.

Compound	P. falciparum 3D7 (CQ-sensitive) EC50 (μM) ± SD	P. falciparum Gombak A (CQ-resistant) EC50 (μM) ± SD	P. knowlesi PKA1H1 EC50 (μM) ± SD	Vero cell (Normal cell) CC50 (μM) ± SD	Selectivity Index (SI) $\left(\frac{CC50MTT}{EC50pLDH}\right)$			Resistance Index (RI) on P. falciparum strains $\left(\frac{EC50Resistance}{EC50Sensitive}\right)$
					P. falciparum 3D7 (CQ-sensitive)	P. falciparum Gombak A (CQ-resistant	P. knowlesi PKA1H1	P. falciparum 3D7 (CQ-sensitive)
MAAC1	12.0 ± 0.7	>200	17.4 ± 0.8	157.0 ± 0.9	13.1	NC	9.0	NC
MAAC2	39.3 ± 5.1	>200	13.4 ± 0.7	NDa	NDa	NDa	NDa	NDa
MS33A	3.1 ± 0.2	87.5 ± 0.9	3.6 ± 0.2	82.6 ± 1.7	26.6	1.0	22.9	28.2
MS33C	2.5 ± 0.4	56.2 ± 1.3	5.1 ± 0.2	163.1 ± 1.8	65.2	2.9	32.0	22.5
MS33D	21.7 ± 0.8	74.4 ± 2.4	23.7 ± 2.6	225.3 ± 3.0	10.4	3.0	9.5	3.4
MS34C	1.6 ± 0.2	8.8 ± 0.9	11.8 ± 1.1	134.4 ± 3.2	84.0	15.4	11.4	5.5
MS40B	13.7 ± 0.8	45.6 ± 1.3	16.6 ± 0.5	164.0 ± 2.1	12.0	3.6	9.9	3.3
MS47	16.1 ± 0.5	51.4 ± 2.7	21.7 ± 1.2	170.6 ± 1.7	10.6	3.3	7.9	3.2
MS69	785.8 ± 4.2	28.7 ± 2.0	324.1 ± 5.9	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND
MS72A	530.0 ± 3.6	>200	507.5 ± 1.3	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND
MS72C	515.1 ± 4.9	>200	430.1 ± 2.3	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND
MS78	689.1 ± 4.2	>200	354.8 ± 7.1	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND
MS79	329.3 ± 2.6	>200	194.6 ± 2.7	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND
MS87	10.8 ± 1.3	1.85 ± 2.8	11.4 ± 0.9	564.1 ± 0.4	52.2	304.9	49.5	0.17
CQ	0.0017 ± 0.2	5.56 ± 3.2	0.0018 ± 0.1	491.7 ± 2.4	>2000	89.0	>2000	>2000

^ND = Not determine (EC₅₀ > 200 μM).

^ND_a = Not determine due to limited sample.

^NC = Not calculated.

SI > 10 (Acceptable value); SI > 50 (Ideal value) RI < 100 (High resistance); RI < 10 (Intermediate resistance); RI < 1 (Low resistance).