Table 2.
Fixed-effect regression of the impact of supplementary funding on the demand side and the supply side on residents’ health and medical expenses
| Supplementary funding on the demand side | Supplementary funding on the supply side | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Perinatal mortality rate | Maternal mortality rate | Outpatient expenses per capita | Hospitalization expenses per capita | Perinatal mortality rate | Maternal mortality rate | Outpatient expenses per capita | Hospitalization expenses per capita | |
| Supplementary demand/supply side | -1.302 | -8.461* | 0.28*** | 0.204*** | -1.124*** | -2.786 | 0.112*** | 0.136*** |
| (0.836) | (4.762) | (0.043) | (0.039) | (0.229) | (2.630) | (0.019) | (0.017) | |
| Number of beds per 1,000 people | -0.181 | 0.061 | -0.001 | 0.009 | -0.573*** | -6.388*** | 0.071*** | 0.048*** |
| (0.3) | (1.709) | (0.015) | (0.014) | (0.143) | (1.646) | (0.012) | (0.011) | |
| Number of health technicians per 1,000 population | -0.391 | -3.792* | 0.041** | -0.036** | -0.351 | 2.098 | -0.003 | -0.032 |
| (0.367) | (2.088) | (0.019) | (0.017) | (0.283) | (3.250) | (0.023) | (0.021) | |
| Number of doctors per 1,000 population | -101.662 | 4407.783* | -16.793 | 41.815** | 306.791 | -3300.19 | -1.43 | 36.038 |
| (420.53) | (2395.981) | (21.649) | (19.38) | (376.168) | (4318.478) | (30.918) | (28.514) | |
| Illiteracy ratio | -8.678 | -8.3 | -0.031 | -0.134 | 15.552*** | 39.444 | -0.161 | -0.081 |
| (9.293) | (52.946) | (0.478) | (0.428) | (4.644) | (53.319) | (0.382) | (0.352) | |
| Old age dependency ratio | 1.392 | 26.916 | -0.514** | 0.405* | 1.261 | 203.725*** | 0.089 | 0.094 |
| (4.641) | (26.441) | (0.239) | (0.214) | (4.389) | (50.386) | (0.361) | (0.333) | |
| Sex ratio | -0.022 | -0.009 | 0.001 | 0.002** | -0.046** | -0.35 | 0.005*** | 0.005*** |
| (0.018) | (0.103) | (0.001) | (0.001) | (0.021) | (0.243) | (0.002) | (0.002) | |
| Permanent residents | 0.066 | 0.53 | 0.008 | 0.004 | 0.095*** | 0.531 | -0.003 | -0.005* |
| (0.052) | (0.297) | (0.003) | (0.002) | (0.034) | (0.395) | (0.003) | (0.003) | |
| Proportion of tertiary hospitals | 2.227* | 7.135 | 0.059 | -0.077 | -2.138 | -18.041 | 0.492*** | 0.211* |
| (1.309) | (7.458) | (0.067) | (0.06) | (1.68) | (19.283) | (0.138) | (0.127) | |
| Intercept | 27.591*** | 111.579* | 0.675 | 5.593*** | 25.364*** | 76.235** | 3.029*** | 6.577*** |
| (10.345) | (58.942) | (0.533) | (0.477) | (3.163) | (36.307) | (0.26) | (0.24) | |
| Observations | 117 | 117 | 117 | 117 | 372 | 372 | 372 | 372 |
| R² | 0.5656 | 0.2609 | 0.911 | 0.836 | 0.709 | 0.2918 | 0.776 | 0.714 |
| F | 12.29 | 3.33 | 97.146 | 48.178 | 89.794 | 15.2 | 128.027 | 92.134 |
Note *, **, and *** indicate significance at the 10%, 5%, and 1% levels, respectively. The numbers in parentheses represent the supply-side coefficients