Table 2.
Basic characteristics of participants according to MAFLD from NHANES 2017–2018
| Characteristic | Non-MAFLD, N = 1318(58%)1 |
MAFLD, N = 981(42%)1 |
p-value2 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Sex | < 0.001 | ||
| Male | 577(42%) | 566(60%) | |
| FeMale | 741(58%) | 415(40%) | |
| Age | 42 (28, 58) | 53 (38, 64) | < 0.001 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 26 (23, 30) | 32 (29, 36) | < 0.001 |
| Ratio of income to poverty | 3.04 (1.48, 4.98) | 3.41 (1.70, 5.00) | 0.039 |
| Race | < 0.001 | ||
| Mexican American | 139(7.0%) | 184(12%) | |
| Other Hispanic | 114(6.3%) | 102(7.1%) | |
| Non-Hispanic White | 456(64%) | 342(62%) | |
| Non-Hispanic Black | 334(12%) | 170(7.7%) | |
| Other Race | 275(10%) | 183(10%) | |
| AIP | -0.12 (0.27) | 0.18 (0.31) | < 0.001 |
| AGTR | 2.59 (1.76, 3.50) | 1.65 (1.06, 2.28) | < 0.001 |
| UHR | 0.09 (0.07, 0.12) | 0.13 (0.10, 0.16) | < 0.001 |
| TC (mmol/l) | 1.04 (0.78, 1.52) | 1.76 (1.25, 2.45) | < 0.001 |
| CRE(umol/L) | 300 (79) | 353 (86) | < 0.001 |
| WC (cm) | 92 (14) | 112 (15) | < 0.001 |
| Hypertension, n(%) | < 0.001 | ||
| NO | 945(78%) | 508(56%) | |
| YES | 373(22%) | 473(44%) | |
| Overweight/Obesity | < 0.001 | ||
| NO | 564(43%) | 62(4.4%) | |
| YES | 754(57%) | 919(96%) | |
| Activity | < 0.001 | ||
| Light | 278(17%) | 267(21%) | |
| Moderate | 408(28%) | 361(39%) | |
| Vigorous | 632(56%) | 353(39%) | |
| ALB(g/L) | 41.3 (3.3) | 40.9 (3.2) | 0.2 |
| Drinking | 0.5 | ||
| Never | 469(41%) | 313(39%) | |
| Moderate | 477(39%) | 375(39%) | |
| Excessive | 372(19%) | 293(23%) | |
| ALP(U/L) | 69 (56, 85) | 77 (64, 94) | < 0.001 |
| ALT(U/L) | 16 (12, 22) | 22 (16, 32) | < 0.001 |
| Diabetes, n (%) | < 0.001 | ||
| NO | 1,214(96%) | 767(82%) | |
| YES | 104(4.2%) | 214(18%) | |
| Smoking | 0.6 | ||
| NO | 796(58%) | 557(56%) | |
| YES | 522(42%) | 424(44%) | |
| Protein (gm) | 80 (38) | 84 (37) | 0.059 |
| Vitamin C (mg) | 62 (28, 107) | 57 (26, 104) | 0.6 |
| Blood mercury, total (nmol/L) | 7 (11) | 7 (11) | 0.8 |
| Blood cadmium (nmol/L) | 4.2 (5.3) | 3.5 (4.9) | 0.068 |
AGTR Albumin to glutamyl transpeptidase ratio, AIP Plasma atherogenicity index, UHR Serum uric acid to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio
1n (unweighted)(%); Median (IQR)
2chi-squared test with Rao & Scott's second-order correction; Wilcoxon rank-sum test for complex survey samples; t-test adapted to complex survey samples