Table 4.
Basic characteristics of participants according to train and second validation set
| Characteristic | Train Set, N = 8858(40%)1 |
Validation2, N = 2299(60%)1 |
p-value2 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Sex | 0.6 | ||
| Male | 4,354(49%) | 1,143(50%) | |
| FeMale | 4,504(51%) | 1,156(50%) | |
| Age | 46 (32, 60) | 47 (32, 61) | 0.8 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 28 (24, 32) | 28 (25, 33) | 0.015 |
| Ratio of income to poverty | 2.81 (1.37, 4.81) | 3.19 (1.58, 5.00) | 0.014 |
| Race | 0.5 | ||
| Mexican American | 1,441(8.9%) | 323(9.3%) | |
| Other Hispanic | 1,014(6.0%) | 216(6.7%) | |
| Non-Hispanic White | 3,704(67%) | 798(64%) | |
| Non-Hispanic Black | 1,734(10%) | 504(10%) | |
| Other Race | 965(7.6%) | 458(10%) | |
| AIP | -0.05 (0.34) | 0.01 (0.32) | < 0.001 |
| MAFLD | < 0.001 | ||
| NO | 6,044(68%) | 1,318(58%) | |
| YES | 2,814(32%) | 981(42%) | |
| AGTR | 2.26 (1.48, 3.13) | 2.11 (1.38, 3.00) | < 0.001 |
| UHR | 0.10 (0.07, 0.14) | 0.10 (0.07, 0.14) | 0.9 |
| TC (mmol/l) | 1.15 (0.79, 1.72) | 1.32 (0.88, 1.94) | < 0.001 |
| CRE(umol/L) | 325 (83) | 322 (86) | 0.3 |
| WC (cm) | 99 (16) | 101 (17) | 0.045 |
| Hypertension, n (%) | 0.6 | ||
| NO | 5,798(68%) | 1,453(69%) | |
| YES | 3,060(32%) | 846(31%) | |
| Overweight/Obesity | 0.028 | ||
| NO | 2,738(31%) | 626(27%) | |
| YES | 6,120(69%) | 1,673(73%) | |
| Activity | < 0.001 | ||
| Light | 2,222(21%) | 545(19%) | |
| Moderate | 3,472(39%) | 769(33%) | |
| Vigorous | 3,164(39%) | 985(49%) | |
| ALB(g/L) | < 0.001 | ||
| Mean (SD) | 42.8 (3.3) | 41.1 (3.3) | |
| Drinking | < 0.001 | ||
| Never | 2,314(21%) | 665(21%) | |
| Moderate | 862(10%) | 852(39%) | |
| Excessive | 5,682(69%) | 782(40%) | |
| ALP(U/L) | 63 (52, 77) | 73 (59, 89) | < 0.001 |
| ALT(U/L) | 21 (16, 29) | 18 (13, 27) | < 0.001 |
| Diabetes, n (%) | 0.3 | ||
| NO | 7,821(91%) | 1,981(90%) | |
| YES | 1,037(9.2%) | 318(10%) | |
| Smoking | 0.14 | ||
| NO | 4,910(55%) | 1,353(57%) | |
| YES | 3,948(45%) | 946(43%) | |
| Protein (gm) | 83 (34) | 82 (37) | 0.5 |
| Vitamin C (mg) | 64 (30, 114) | 59 (27, 105) | 0.013 |
| Mercury, total (umol/L) | 7 (11) | 7 (11) | 0.4 |
| Blood cadmium (nmol/L) | 4.5 (5.4) | 3.9 (5.2) | 0.010 |
AGTR Albumin to glutamyl transpeptidase ratio, AIP Plasma atherogenicity index, UHR Serum uric acid to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio
1n (unweighted)(%); Median (IQR)
2chi-squared test with Rao & Scott's second-order correction; Wilcoxon rank-sum test for complex survey samples; t-test adapted to complex survey samples