Table 5.
Factors associated with ever having had a mammogram among women above 40 years
| Characteristic | ORa | 95% CIa | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age categories | |||
| 35-44 years | — | — | |
| 45-54 years | 1.52 | 0.87, 2.65 | 0.14 |
| 55-64 years | 1.72 | 0.85, 3.51 | 0.13 |
| +65 years | 1.17 | 0.50, 2.71 | 0.7 |
| Marital status | |||
| Currently married | — | — | |
| Currently married | — | — | |
| Separated/ Divorced | 1.75 | 0.69, 4.46 | 0.2 |
| Widowed | 2.38 | 1.31, 4.33 | 0.005 |
| Education level | |||
| No formal education | — | — | |
| Less than secondary | 1.74 | 0.90, 3.37 | 0.10 |
| Secondary | 2.24 | 1.05, 4.77 | 0.036 |
| More than secondary | 2.72 | 1.17, 6.31 | 0.020 |
| Employment | |||
| Yes | — | — | |
| No | 1.57 | 0.87, 2.82 | 0.13 |
| Nationality | |||
| Saudi | — | — | |
| Non-Saudi | 2.36 | 0.93, 6.03 | 0.072 |
| Household Wealth index b | |||
| Lowest quintile | — | — | |
| Second quintile | 1.22 | 0.53, 2.78 | 0.6 |
| Middle quintile | 0.76 | 0.29, 2.01 | 0.6 |
| Fourth quintile | 1.12 | 0.47, 2.70 | 0.8 |
| Highest quintile | 2.23 | 0.91, 5.50 | 0.081 |
| Household Income categories | |||
| Low income | — | — | |
| Lower-middle income | 0.38 | 0.14, 1.02 | 0.054 |
| Middle income | 0.71 | 0.27, 1.83 | 0.5 |
| Upper-middle income | 1.24 | 0.65, 2.37 | 0.5 |
| High income | 1.81 | 0.95, 3.44 | 0.069 |
| Region | |||
| Central | — | — | |
| Eastern | 0.95 | 0.48, 1.89 | 0.9 |
| Western | 0.52 | 0.28, 0.99 | 0.047 |
| Southern | 0.09 | 0.03, 0.30 | <0.001 |
| Northern | 0.17 | 0.08, 0.39 | <0.001 |
| Type of place of residence | |||
| Urban | — | — | |
| Rural | 2.41 | 1.36, 4.27 | 0.003 |
| Eligibility for free government services | |||
| Yes | — | — | |
| No | 0.33 | 0.09, 1.22 | 0.10 |
| Health insurance coverage | |||
| Yes | — | — | |
| No | 1.31 | 0.75, 2.29 | 0.3 |
| Subjective health care need | |||
| Yes | — | — | |
| No | 0.40 | 0.26, 0.63 | <0.001 |
aOR Odds Ratio, CI Confidence Interval
bComposite measure calculated using data about ownership of consumer material such television and cars, household characteristics such as building material, source of drinking water, toilet facilities and other characteristics relevant to wealth status