Table 3.
Placenta Characteristics of the Included Subjects
| Placental characteristic | |
|---|---|
| Macroscopic evaluation | Value |
| Placental weight, g, median (IQR) | 452.0 (394.0−520.0) |
| <10th Percentile, n (%) | 27 (28.1) |
| >90th Percentile, n (%) | 10 (10.4) |
| Umbilical cord insertion, n (%) | |
| Paracentral | 71 (74.0) |
| Central | 11 (11.5) |
| Marginal | 11 (11.5) |
| Velamentous | 3 (3.1) |
| Single umbilical artery, n (%) | 5 (5.2) |
| Umbilical cord coiling index, mean (SD) | 0.13 (0.07) |
| Hypocoiling, n (%) | 39 (40.6) |
| Hypercoiling, n (%) | 2 (2.1) |
| Microscopic evaluation | |
| Presence of microscopic placental pathology, n (%) | 86 (89.6) |
| Placental maturation, n (%) | |
| Delayed | 29 (30.2) |
| Normal | 63 (65.6) |
| Accelerated | 4 (4.2) |
| Maternal vascular malperfusion, n (%) | 44 (45.8) |
| Placental ischemia | 39 (40.6) |
| Placental infarct | 12 (12.5) |
| Distal villous hypoplasia | 2 (2.1) |
| Fetal vascular malperfusion, n (%) | 10 (10.4) |
| Nucleated red blood cells, n (%) | 35 (36.5) |
| Chorangiosis, n (%) | 21 (21.9) |
| Inflammation or reactive changes, n (%) | 34 (35.4) |
| Villitis of unknown cause | 29 (30.2) |
| Intervillositis | 4 (4.2) |
| Perivillous fibrin | 16 (16.7) |
| Sustained villitis | 10 (10.4) |
| Chorioamnionitis, n (%) | 14 (14.6) |
| Meconium pigment membrane, n (%) | 3 (3.1) |
| Cumulative placental pathology severity score, median (IQR) | 10.0 (5.0−16.0) |
IQR indicates interquartile range.