Table 2.
Clinicopathological characteristics of patients according to the model-based risk group.
| Variables | Total | Low-risk (n = 91) | High-risk (n = 73) | p value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, year | ||||
| Mean (SD) | 62.84 (10.67) | 63.55 (10.65) | 61.94 (10.69) | 0.340 |
| Sex | ||||
| Male | 91 (55.5%) | 45 (49.5%) | 46 (63.0%) | 0.114 |
| Female | 73 (44.5%) | 46 (50.5%) | 27 (37.0%) | |
| RFS, day | ||||
| Mean (SD) | 1034.86 (555.42) | 1178.57 (521.26) | 855.71 (547.83) | < 0.001 |
| OS, day | ||||
| Mean (SD) | 1292.13 (483.20) | 1341.74 (458.93) | 1230.29 (508.24) | 0.143 |
| Tumor invasion size | ||||
| Mean (SD) | 3.19 (1.76) | 2.76 (1.43) | 3.75 (1.97) | < 0.001 |
| Predominant histologic type | ||||
| Lepidic | 5 (3.0%) | 5 (5.5%) | 0 (0.0%) | < 0.001 |
| Acinar | 61 (37.2%) | 38 (41.8%) | 23 (31.5%) | |
| Papillary | 43 (26.2%) | 30 (33.0%) | 13 (17.8%) | |
| Solid | 33 (20.1%) | 8 (8.8%) | 25 (34.2%) | |
| Micropapillary | 4 (2.4%) | 2 (2.2%) | 2 (2.7%) | |
| Cribriform | 4 (2.4%) | 1 (1.1%) | 3 (4.1%) | |
| Mucinous | 14 (8.5%) | 7 (7.7%) | 7 (9.6%) | |
| IASLC grade | ||||
| 1 | 7 (4.3%) | 6 (6.6%) | 1 (1.4%) | < 0.001 |
| 2 | 51 (31.1%) | 45 (49.5%) | 6 (8.2%) | |
| 3 | 106 (64.6%) | 40 (44.0%) | 66 (90.4%) | |
| PD component, % | ||||
| Mean (SD) | 49.09 (38.60) | 30.23 (34.66) | 72.60 (29.34) | < 0.001 |
| CGP component, % | ||||
| Mean (SD) | 19.49 (25.16) | 14.12 (20.93) | 26.19 (28.34) | < 0.001 |
| Necrosis | ||||
| Absent | 100 (61.0%) | 71 (78.0%) | 29 (39.7%) | < 0.001 |
| Present | 64 (39.0%) | 20 (22.0%) | 44 (60.3%) | |
| STAS | ||||
| Absent | 50 (30.5%) | 37 (40.7%) | 13 (17.8%) | 0.003 |
| Present | 114 (69.5%) | 54 (59.3%) | 60 (82.2%) | |
| Pleural invasion | ||||
| Absent | 105 (64.0%) | 70 (76.9%) | 35 (47.9%) | 0.001 |
| PL1 | 27 (16.5%) | 10 (11.0%) | 17 (23.3%) | |
| PL2 | 19 (11.6%) | 8 (8.8%) | 11 (15.1%) | |
| PL3 | 13 (7.9%) | 3 (3.3%) | 10 (13.7%) | |
| Lymphovascular invasion | ||||
| Absent | 84 (51.2%) | 62 (68.1%) | 22 (30.1%) | < 0.001 |
| Present | 80 (48.8%) | 29 (31.9%) | 51 (69.9%) | |
| pT stage | ||||
| pT1 | 70 (42.7%) | 52 (57.1%) | 18 (24.7%) | < 0.001 |
| pT2 | 58 (35.4%) | 26 (28.6%) | 32 (43.8%) | |
| pT3 | 26 (15.9%) | 10 (11.0%) | 16 (21.9%) | |
| pT4 | 10 (6.1%) | 3 (3.3%) | 7 (9.6%) | |
| pN stage | ||||
| pN0 | 117 (71.8%) | 75 (83.3%) | 42 (57.5%) | < 0.001 |
| pN1 | 17 (10.4%) | 3 (3.3%) | 14 (19.2%) | |
| pN2 | 29 (17.8%) | 12 (13.3%) | 17 (23.3%) | |
| Stage group | ||||
| I | 93 (56.7%) | 64 (70.3%) | 29 (39.7%) | < 0.001 |
| II | 33 (20.1%) | 13 (14.3%) | 20 (27.4%) | |
| III | 36 (22.0%) | 14 (15.4%) | 22 (30.1%) | |
| IV | 2 (1.2%) | 0 (0.0%) | 2 (2.7%) | |
SD standard deviation, IASLC International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer, PD poorly differentiated, CGP complex glandular pattern, STAS tumor spread through air spaces, PL level of pleural invasion (PL1, visceral pleural elastic layer; PL2, visceral pleural surface; PL3, parietal pleura and/or chest wall).