Table 3.

Analysis of third operation outcomes in congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction: Comparison of ınterventions and patient characteristics

	Third operation						p
	Absent		MCI		External DCR
	n	%	n	%	n	%
Age Group
12–24 Months	10	25.0	3	30.0	0	0.0	0.354
25–36 Months	8	20.0	4	40.0	1	20.0
36 Months and above	22	55.0	3	30.0	4	80.0
Gender
Male	14	43.8	4	50.0	3	60.0	0.806
Female	18	56.3	4	50.0	2	40.0
Side
Right	20	50.0	6	60.0	4	80.0	0.45
Left	20	50.0	4	40.0	1	20.0
Laterality
Unilateral	26	81.3	6	75.0	3	60.0	0.544
Bilateral	6	18.8	2	25.0	2	40.0
Surgery Type
Probing	9	22.5	3	30.0	0	0.0	0.102
Probing plus BDP	8	20.0	5	50.0	0	0.0
Probing plus MCI	19	47.5	2	20.0	5	100.0
External DCR	4	10.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Obstruction Type
MO	15	37.5	3	30.0	0	0.0	0.355
ICO	21	52.5	7	70.0	5	100.0
CCO	4	10.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Other Observations
Multiple-level NLDO
Detected	18	45.0	6	60.0	3	60.0	0.603
Not Detected	22	55.0	4	40.0	2	40.0
Purulent discharge with atonic sac
Detected	9	22.5	6	60.0	1	20.0	0.075
Not Detected	31	77.5	4	40.0	4	80.0
Bone stiffness
Detected	8	20.0	2	20.0	3	60.0	0.167
Not Detected	32	80.0	8	80.0	2	40.0
Metal-to-metal contact
Detected	36	90.0	10	100.0	5	100.0	0.71
Not Detected	4	10.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Inferior turbinate
Medialization done	15	37.5	6	60.0	2	40.0	0.437
Medialization not done	25	62.5	4	40.0	3	60.0

BDP: Balloon dacrioplasty, CCO: Complete complex obstruction, External DCR: External dacryocystorhinostomy, ICO: Incomplete complex obstruction, MCI: Monocanalicular intubation, MO: Membranous obstruction, NLDO: Nasolacrimal duct obstruction.