TABLE 1.
Anosmia vs. non-anosmia: initial comparison based on first visit and aggregate of the three visits with ≥2 clinical assessments.
| Visit 1 | Visit 2 | Visit 3 | |||||
| Anosmia n = 32 | Non-anosmia n = 26 | p | Anosmia n = 25 | Non-anosmia n = 19 | Anosmia n = 10 | Non-anosmia n = 11 | |
| Age, year | 64 (61–70) | 66 (58–74) | 0.956 | 65 (60–71) | 65 (59–77) | 73 (65–81) | 66 (60–69) |
| Sex, male (%) | 23 (72%) | 17 (65%) | 0.776 | 18 (72%) | 11 (58%) | 7 (70%) | 9 (82%) |
| Sex, female (%) | 9 (28%) | 9 (35%) | 7 (28%) | 8 (42%) | 3 (30%) | 2 (18%) | |
| Duration, month | 49 (27–108) | 31 (12–56) | 0.043* | 79 (58–131) | 52 (29–71) | 59 (34–107) | 64 (44–100) |
| Follow-up, month | 0 (0–0) | 0 (0–0) | 1.000 | 16 (14–21) | 15 (14–22) | 26 (25–30) | 29 (26–34) |
| LEDD, mg | 655 (175–937) | 250 (108–457) | 0.009* | 798 (423–1297) | 400 (250–639) | 724 (433–1023) | 524 (400–948) |
| UPSIT | 14 (12–16) | 22 (20–25) | 0.000* | 12 (10–15) | 21 (18–24) | 13 (11–15) | 21 (18–23) |
| MOCA | 27 (21–29) | 28 (24–29) | 0.374 | 24 (20–28) | 27 (23–29) | 23 (14–27) | 28 (27–29) |
| M-UPDRS | |||||||
| Total | 54 (37–72) | 44 (31–57) | 0.051 | 50 (37–82) | 47 (34–53) | 59 (48–64) | 55 (24–63) |
| Part III | 34 (21–42) | 25 (18–35) | 0.057 | 31 (23–42) | 29 (23–36) | 38 (33–43) | 30 (17–33) |
| PDQ-39 | |||||||
| SI | 19 (9–30) | 19 (6–30) | 0.690 | 14 (6–33) | 14 (9–27) | 18 (8–41) | 19 (7–30) |
| ADL | 13 (1–29) | 6 (0–23) | 0.211 | 13 (0–27) | 4 (0–21) | 15 (0–31) | 4 (0–21) |
| COG | 25 (14–44) | 19 (11–39) | 0.299 | 19 (6–47) | 19 (0–38) | 28 (9–56) | 25 (13–56) |
Data are presented as median (Q1–Q3), with “duration” denoting time since symptom onset and “follow-up” representing time from initial visit. Anosmia: baseline UPSIT < 19; Non-anosmia: baseline UPSIT ≥ 19. ADL, activities of daily living; COG, cognitions; LEDD, levodopa equivalent daily dose; MoCA, Montreal cognitive assessment; M-UPDRS, movement disorder society-sponsored revision of the Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale; PDQ-39, Chinese-translated version of 39-item Parkinson’s Disease Questionnaire; SI, summary index; UPSIT, traditional Chinese version of the University of Pennsylvania Smell Identification Test.
*p < 0.05.