Bendix 'A' 1996/1998.
| Methods | RCT conducted in Denmark | |
| Participants | Patients referred to a back centre with disabling LBP >6 months, threatened job situation. 94 patients randomised, 70.2% female, median age 40 years, mean duration of pain not reported | |
| Interventions |
MBR (FR): 39 hours/week for 3 weeks inpatient, in groups (7/group), plus 1x 6 hour session/week for 3 weeks). Aerobic exercise, strength, stretching, simulated work tasks, biofeedback, pan coping, goal setting, cognitive appraisal, relaxation, job seeking skills, recreation, ball games, running, swimming Usual (control): Usual care in Denmark, patients free to seek any treatment |
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| Outcomes | Pain (NRS), disability (LBP rating scale), work (working or able to return to work, days of sick leave), improvement (global rating of change), utilisation (contacts with health care system, admission to hospital due to LBP, LBP surgery), medication (amount and type of prescription medication) Follow‐ups: MT (4 months), LT (2 and 5 years) |
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| Notes | Subgroup analyses: High intensity intervention, Low baseline symptom intensity (<60% of maximum scale score). Included in Guzman 2006 | |
| Risk of bias | ||
| Bias | Authors' judgement | Support for judgement |
| Random sequence generation (selection bias) | Low risk | pg.63 Methods. "patients were randomly assigned to a treatment group or a control group according to thminimisation principle" |
| Allocation concealment (selection bias) | Unclear risk | Unclear |
| Blinding of participants | High risk | Not possible |
| Blinding of clinicians | High risk | Not possible |
| Blinding of outcome assessment (detection bias) All outcomes | High risk | Not possible; patient reported outcomes |
| Incomplete outcome data (attrition bias) All outcomes | Low risk | Fig 1. 94/106 randomized participants analysed |
| Intention to treat analysis | Unclear risk | Not stated |
| Selective reporting (reporting bias) | Unclear risk | No protocol |
| Comparability of groups at baseline | Low risk | Table 1. Groups comparable on demographic and clinical variables |
| Compliance | Unclear risk | Not stated |
| Cointerventions | Unclear risk | Not stated |
| Timing of assessment | Low risk | pg. 66 Results. Follow‐up assessment at 4 months and 12 months |