Table 2.
Alcohol and substance use characteristics of cases and controls.
| Variable | Patient Type | p-value2 | |
|---|---|---|---|
| control, N = 3,9401 | case, N = 4,4151 | ||
| Tobacco Products (cigarettes, chewing tobacco, cigars, etc.), n (%) | 682 (17.3) | 1,387 (31.4) | <0.001 |
| Tobacco Products: How often have you used these substances in the past 3 months?, n (%) | <0.001 | ||
| None | 413 (60.6) | 712 (51.3) | |
| None frequent | 86 (12.6) | 235 (16.9) | |
| Frequent | 183 (26.8) | 440 (31.7) | |
| Alcoholic beverages (beer, wine spirits, homebrew, etc), n (%) | 1,811 (46.0) | 1,990 (45.1) | 0.41 |
| Alcohol Products: How often have you used these substances in the past 3 months?, n (%) | <0.001 | ||
| None | 947 (52.3) | 1,358 (68.2) | |
| None frequent | 636 (35.1) | 376 (18.9) | |
| Frequent | 228 (12.6) | 256 (12.9) | |
| Khat products, n (%) | 485 (12.3) | 976 (22.1) | <0.001 |
| Khat Products: How often have you used these substances in the past 3 months?, n (%) | 0.068 | ||
| None | 261 (53.8) | 578 (59.2) | |
| None frequent | 124 (25.6) | 240 (24.6) | |
| Frequent | 100 (20.6) | 158 (16.2) | |
| Cannabis (marijuana, pot, grass, hash, etc.), n (%) | 454 (11.5) | 991 (22.4) | <0.001 |
| Cannabis Products: How often have you used these substances in the past 3 months?, n (%) | 0.094 | ||
| None | 291 (64.1) | 692 (69.8) | |
| None frequent | 91 (20.0) | 169 (17.1) | |
| Frequent | 72 (15.9) | 130 (13.1) | |
| Other over-the-counter meds (antihistamines, cough syrups), n (%) | 88 (2.2) | 46 (1.0) | <0.001 |
| Other Over-the-Counter Meds: How often have you used these substances in the past 3 months?, n (%) | 0.014 | ||
| None | 36 (40.9) | 31 (67.4) | |
| None frequent | 41 (46.6) | 12 (26.1) | |
| Frequent | 11 (12.5) | 3 (6.5) | |
| Sedatives or Sleeping Pills (Valium, mandrax/methaqualone, sere-pax, Rohypnol, etc.), n (%) | 44 (1.1) | 138 (3.1) | <0.001 |
| Opioids (heroin, morphine, oxycontin, methadone, codeine, etc.), n (%) | 28 (0.7) | 144 (3.3) | <0.001 |
| Opioids Products: How often have you used these substances in the past 3 months?, n (%) | <0.001 | ||
| None | 10 (35.7) | 128 (88.9) | |
| None frequent | 3 (10.7) | 4 (2.8) | |
| Frequent | 15 (53.6) | 12 (8.3) | |
| Any substance use, n (%) | 1,986 (50.4) | 2,348 (53.2) | 0.011 |
1Median (IQR) or Frequency (%).
2Pearson’s Chi-squared test; Fisher’s exact test.