Table 2.

Multivariable logistic regression models representing the probability of resistance to antimicrobials among two Campylobacter species (n = 2,695) isolated from chicken and turkey samples at the slaughterhouse level across the United States, 2013 to 2021

	Antimicrobial c
	AZI			CIP			CLI			ERY			GEN			NAL
Year	Odds ratio	95% CI b	P-value c	Odds ratio	95% CI	P-value	Odds ratio.	95% CI	P-value	Odds ratio	95% CI	P-value	Odds ratio	95% CI	P-value	Odds ratio	95% CI	P-value
2013	Referent	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–
2014	0.72	0.27–1.97	0.529	0.56	0.28–1.13	0.107	0.73	0.27–1.99	0.542	0.72	0.26–1.97	0.527	0.70	0.27–1.78	0.455	0.60	0.30–1.20	0.151
2015	1.02	0.37–2.80	0.967	0.43	0.20–0.96	0.039	1.04	0.38–2.86	0.941	0.87	0.31–2.48	0.797	0.68	0.24–1.90	0.458	0.43	0.20–0.96	0.039
2016	0.41	0.12–1.42	0.163	0.46	0.22–0.97	0.041	0.31	0.08–1.18	0.086	0.42	0.12–1.44	0.168	0.30	0.90–1.02	0.053	0.46	0.22–0.97	0.041
2017	0.60	0.26–1.34	0.215	0.43	0.25–0.75	0.003	0.62	0.28–1.40	0.251	0.57	0.25–1.31	0.187	0.25	0.11–0.58	0.001	0.44	0.25–0.77	0.004
2018	0.47	0.22–1.03	0.059	0.54	0.32–0.90	0.019	0.44	0.20–0.95	0.038	0.41	0.18–0.90	0.026	0.28	0.13–0.59	0.001	0.55	0.33–0.91	0.021
2019	0.39	0.18–0.84	0.016	0.60	0.36–0.99	0.045	0.49	0.23–1.04	0.064	0.41	0.19–0.88	0.023	0.41	0.20–0.83	0.013	0.60	0.36–0.99	0.044
2020	0.44	0.20–1.00	0.050	0.62	0.37–1.06	0.080	0.60	0.28–1.32	0.207	0.44	0.19–1.00	0.049	0.41	0.20–0.88	0.021	0.62	0.37–1.06	0.080
2021	0.29	0.12–0.68	0.004	0.47	0.27–0.80	0.006	0.53	0.24–1.17	0.118	0.25	0.10–0.62	0.003	0.27	0.12–0.60	0.001	0.46	0.27–0.79	0.005
Poultry type d	2.53	1.78–3.58	<0.001	2.65	2.18–3.23	<0.001	2.85	2.06–3.93	<0.001	2.54	1.77–3.64	<0.001	4.88	3.44–6.92	<0.001	2.65	2.17–3.23	<0.001
Campylobacter species e	0.28	0.17–0.48	<0.001	1.05	0.86–1.29	0.628	0.37	0.24–0.57	<0.001	0.17	0.09–0.33	<0.001	0.10	0.05–0.22	<0.001	1.06	0.86–1.29	0.590

^aAZI, azithromycin; CIP, ciprofloxacin; CLI, clindamycin; ERY, erythromycin; GEN, gentamicin; NAL, nalidixic acid.

^bCI, exact binomial 95% confidence interval.

^cStatistically significant at P ≤ 0.05.

^dTurkeys versus chicken.

^e C. jejuni versus C. coli.