Table 2.
Clinical, immunological, and virological parameters of the study participants
| Variables | No. (%) of study participant | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| HIV positive | HIV negative n (%) |
Total n (%) |
||
| ART-naïve n (%) |
On ART n (%) |
|||
| CD4+ T cell count (cells/µl) | ||||
| Mean ± SD | 281 ± 127 | 442 ± 210 | 831 ± 106 | 518 ± 278 |
| < 200 | 29 (33.0%) | 20 (22.7%) | 0 (%) | 49 (18.6%) |
| 200–500 | 48 (54.5%) | 31 (35.2%) | 0 (%) | 79 (29.9%) |
| > 500 | 11 (12.5%) | 37 (42.1%) | 88 (100%) | 136 (51.5%) |
| HIV-1 viral load (copies/mL) | ||||
| Median (IQR) | 191,837 (15,926–350,592) | 151 (75–8688) | – | 11,881 (151–201,874) |
| < 10,000 | 16 (18.2%) | 69 (78.4%) | – | 85 (48.3%) |
| 10,000–100,000 | 21 (23.8%) | 17 (19.3%) | – | 38 (21.6%) |
| > 100,000 | 51 (58.0%) | 2 (2.3%) | – | 53 (30.1%) |
| WHO clinical stage of HIV | ||||
| Stage I | 44 (47.3%) | 93 (47.7%) | – | 137 (47.6% |
| Stage II | 28 (30.1%) | 62 (31.8%) | – | 90 (31.3%) |
| Stage III | 16 (17.2%) | 28 (14.4%) | – | 44 (15%) |
| Stage IV | 5 (5.4%) | 12 (6.2%) | – | 17 (5.9%) |
| Duration of ART (years) | ||||
| Mean ± SD | – | 3.2 ± 2.5 | – | 3.2 ± 2.5 |
| < 3 | – | 122 (62.6%) | – | 122 (62.6%) |
| ≥ 3 | – | 73 (37.4%) | – | 73 (37.4%) |
HIV human immunodeficiency virus, ART anti-retroviral therapy, SD standard deviation, IQR interquartile range