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. 2024 Mar 18;12:57. doi: 10.1186/s40168-024-01763-7

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© The Author(s) 2024

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.

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Fig. 6 — Coalescence effects on microbial functional traits. a Coalescence impact on metabolic profiles, assessed by Spearman’s correlation between the initial metabolic similarity (between invasive and original resident communities) and the metabolic dissimilarity between coalescent and uninvaded communities after coalescence. The (dis) similarity based on the Bray-Curtis index was calculated using the metabolism profile of 71 carbon resources for metabolic traits. b The abundance (TPM/1000) of CAZy gene families. GT, glycosyltransferase; GH, glycoside hydrolase; CBM, carbohydrate-binding module; CE, carbohydrate esterase; AA, auxiliary activities; PL, polysaccharide lyase. c The abundance of classified functions of CAZy genes. Ce, cellulolytic; He, hemicellulolytic; Li, ligninolytic; Ch, chitinolytic; Gl, glucanolytic; Pe, peptidoglycan lytic. The red and green asterisks above bars indicate a significant decreased and increase compared to the uninvaded control, respectively (“*”, p < 0.05, t-test). d The response (log fold change in relation to the uninvaded control) of different functions between day 5 (D5) and day 60 (D60) to invasions (paired t-test), suggesting the associated functioning (cellulolytic, hemicellulolytic, and ligninolytic) recovered after 60 days