Table 2.
Physician characteristics associated with antiviral prescribing for COVID-19
| Physician characteristics | Guideline-recommended antivirals (nirmatrelvir–ritonavir or molnupiravir) | Nirmatrelvir–ritonavir | Molnupiravir | Ensitrelvir | ||||
| aOR (95% CI) | Adjusted P | aOR (95% CI) | Adjusted P | aOR (95% CI) | Adjusted P | aOR (95% CI) | Adjusted P | |
| Gender | ||||||||
| Male | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference | ||||
| Female | 1.24 (0.88 to 1.74) |
0.48 | 2.72 (1.04 to 7.16) |
0.21 | 1.18 (0.83 to 1.68) |
0.61 | 0.90 (0.50 to 1.61) |
0.72 |
| Age, years | ||||||||
| < 45 | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference | ||||
| 45–59 | 1.16 (0.87 to 1.54) |
0.48 | 0.82 (0.43 to 1.58) |
0.89 | 1.18 (0.88 to 1.59) |
0.61 | 1.35 (0.79 to 2.29) |
0.55 |
| ≥ 60 | 0.88 (0.66 to 1.16) |
0.48 | 0.91 (0.48 to 1.73) |
0.89 | 0.90 (0.67 to 1.22) |
0.63 | 1.24 (0.72 to 2.13) |
0.55 |
| Patient volume | ||||||||
| Low | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference | ||||
| Medium | 1.04 (0.78 to 1.40) |
0.76 | 0.95 (0.49 to 1.85) |
0.89 | 1.04 (0.77 to 1.40) |
0.81 | 0.64 (0.40 to 1.04) |
0.36 |
| High | 1.76 (1.31 to 2.38) |
<0.001 | 1.80 (0.996 to 3.35) |
0.16 | 1.65 (1.23 to 2.21) |
0.004 | 0.81 (0.51 to 1.28) |
0.55 |
We examined the associations of physician characteristics (gender, age and patient volume) with prescription of guideline-recommended antivirals using a logistic regression model that adjusted for patient characteristics (gender, age, number of comorbidities [0, 1 and≥2], and use of drugs contraindicated with nirmatrelvir–ritonavir) and indicators of months and regions. Clinic-level weights were applied. To account for multiple comparisons (five pairs for the analysis of each outcome), we adjusted P values for multiple comparisons using the Benjamini–Hochberg method. We considered a two-sided p<0.05 as statistically significant.
aOR, adjusted OR.