Table 2.
Crude changes in anthropometry and BMD through menopausal transition in South African women living with and without HIV
| Indicators | Total | HIV + women | HIV − women | p value | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N | N | N | |||||
| Follow‐up time (years), median (IQR) | 450 | 4.8 (4.1–5.6) | 65 | 4.9 (4.4–5.4) | 385 | 4.9 (4.1–5.6) | 0.933 |
| Menopause transition stage, n (%) | 450 | 65 | 385 | 0.094 | |||
| Pre‐Pre menopause | 38 (8.4) | 11 (16.9) | 27 (7.0) | ||||
| Pre‐Peri menopause | 22 (4.9) | 3 (4.6) | 19 (4.2) | ||||
| Pre‐Post menopause | 80 (17.8) | 10 (15.4) | 70 (15.6) | ||||
| Peri‐Peri menopause | 62 (13.8) | 11 (16.9) | 51 (13.2) | ||||
| Peri‐Post menopause | 57 (12.7) | 4 (6.2) | 53 (13.8) | ||||
| Post‐Post menopause | 191 (42.2) | 26 (40.0) | 165 (42.9) | ||||
| ∆ Anthropometry and muscle strength | |||||||
| Height (cm) | 450 | −0.313 (1.40) | 65 | −0.245 (0.97) | 385 | −0.324 (1.46) | 0.673 |
| Weight (kg) | 450 | 0.022 (6.26) | 65 | 1.70 (6.99) | 385 | −0.26 (6.09) | 0.019 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 450 | 0.07 (2.55) | 51 | 0.57 (2.97) | 291 | −0.02 (2.46) | 0.125 |
| Grip strength (kg) | 322 | 1.07 (5.78) | 49 | 2.28 (5.57) | 273 | 0.85 (5.80) | 0.112 |
| ∆ DXA fat and lean mass | |||||||
| TBLH fat mass (kg) | 343 | 2.07 (4.41) | 51 | 3.23 (5.24) | 292 | 1.87 (4.23) | 0.043 |
| TBLH lean mass (kg) | 343 | −1.72 (4.84) | 51 | −2.14 (6.13) | 292 | −1.64 (4.58) | 0.503 |
| ∆ DXA BMD (g/cm 2 ) | |||||||
| Lumbar spine BMD (L1–L4) | 450 | −0.023 (0.068) | 65 | −0.032 (0.051) | 385 | −0.022 (0.071) | 0.285 |
| Total hip BMD | 443 | −0.009 (0.058) | 62 | −0.009 (0.040) | 381 | −0.009 (0.060) | 0.977 |
| Total body BMD | 343 | 0.001 (0.043) | 51 | −0.010 (0.047) | 292 | 0.003 (0.042) | 0.040 |
| ∆ Bone measurements (T‐score) (n = 205 for age ≥ 50) | |||||||
| Lumbar spine BMD (L1–L4) | 205 | −0.22 (0.53) | 20 | −0.28 (0.47) | 185 | −0.21 (0.53) | 0.564 |
| Total hip BMD | 202 | −0.11 (0.52) | 20 | −0.03 (0.42) | 182 | −0.12 (0.53) | 0.484 |
| Total body BMD | 168 | −0.04 (0.51) | 18 | −0.22 (0.47) | 150 | −0.02 (0.51) | 0.117 |
Note: T‐score generated from non‐Hispanic white reference values (NHANES, 2005); mean (SD) shown for continuous variables unless otherwise indicated.
Abbreviations; BMD, bone mineral density; BMI, body mass index; DXA, dual‐energy X‐ray absorptiometry; HIV, human immunodeficiency virus; IQR, interquartile range; TBLH, total body less head.