Table 3.

Data Display Integrating Phase I (QUAN) and Phase II (QUAL) Findings

Variable	Phase I: Summary Statistic	Phase II: Categories	Interpretation	Opportunities for Future Intervention/Training
Knowledge	2.7 (1.4); range 0–7	Lack of knowledge; Teachable moment for tobacco treatment	Self-awareness of low knowledge regarding lung cancer screening with potential to impact self-efficacy to engage in a shared discussion with a patient about lung cancer screening	Develop educational content about lung cancer screening relevant to the context of a tobacco treatment encounter Develop resources for TTSs that support the integration of lung cancer screening and the teachable moment of tobacco treatment
Barriers	44.2% lack of knowledge 11.0% belief that LCS may expose patient to harms	a) patient fear, worry and fatalism; (b) worried about scaring the patient; (c) complexity of navigating the healthcare system; (d) lack of clinician knowledge about lung cancer screening; (e) cost; and (f) worry about scope of practice	Qualitative results expand understanding of potential barriers	Provides the opportunity for content to be developed for future intervention with TTSs that include overcoming perceived patient and TTS barriers
Practice Behaviors	62.6% patients rarely or never ask about LCS Highly variable results for TTS discussing LCS with their patients (38.1% most or always discuss; 32.3% rarely or never discuss	(a) opportunity to advocate for screening as important for the patient’s lung health; and (b) never had a patient ask and never asked a patient.	Bidirectional avoidance of topic of lung screening	Importance of developing and disseminating clinical decision support tools that facilitate patient-clinician discussions about lung cancer screening from the TTS perspective