Table 3.

Meta-analytic results for utilization of robotic vs non-robotic (type unspecified) surgery by patient-level factor

Factor (reference group)	ORa	95% CIb	$k$	Clustersc	${\widehat{\tau }}^2$	$I^2$	Egger’s $\beta$	Egger’s $p$-valued	ORTF
Non-white (white)	0.67	[0.18, 2.59]	5	2	2.348	99.91	− 49.87	0.002	0.67
Non-private (private insurance)	0.47	[0.05, 4.66]	5	2	2.681	99.95	− 11.25	0.658	0.47

OR odds ratio, CI confidence interval, $k$ number of extracted odds ratios from individual studies

^aOverall odds ratio from a random-effects meta-analysis

^bConfidence interval from robust variance estimation

^cNumber of parent investigations used in robust variance estimation

^dFor rows with greater than 2 clusters, the $p$-value is based on robust variance estimation

^TFEstimated odds ratio adjusted for funnel plot asymmetry using the Trim and Fill method