TABLE 2.
Serum lipid and lipoprotein concentrations among participants aged ≥20 y by quintiles of plasma TFA concentration: NHANES 1999–2000 and 2009–20101
| Lipid profiles | Quintile of plasma TFA concentration |
|||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| NHANES 1999–2000 |
NHANES 2009–2010 |
|||||||
| 1 (n = 292) | 3 (n = 263) | 5 (n = 273) | P-trend2 | 1 (n = 403) | 3 (n = 416) | 5 (n = 458) | P-trend2 | |
| Plasma TFAs, μmol/L | 46.6 (11.0–55.6) | 80.6 (72.7–89.9) | 143 (117–596) | 21.1 (7.3–25.4) | 37.0 (33.4–41.2) | 68.0 (55.2–307) | ||
| TC, mg/dL | ||||||||
| Model 13 | 191 (186, 197) | 200 (197, 203) | 222 (215, 229) | <0.001 | 175 (170, 180) | 198 (193, 204) | 215 (208, 221) | <0.001 |
| Model 24 | 189 (184, 195) | 200 (197, 202) | 223 (215, 230) | <0.001 | 174.7 (170, 180) | 198 (194, 202) | 217 (212, 222) | <0.001 |
| LDL-C, mg/dL | ||||||||
| Model 13 | 117 (112, 123) | 125 (122, 128) | 136 (131, 141) | <0.001 | 100 (96, 105) | 120 (116, 125) | 129 (123, 134) | <0.001 |
| Model 24 | 118 (112, 123) | 125 (122, 128) | 135 (130, 141) | <0.001 | 102 (97, 107) | 119 (116, 123) | 129 (125, 133) | <0.001 |
| HDL-C, mg/dL | ||||||||
| Model 13 | 55.4 (53.4, 57.4) | 49.8 (49.8, 51.4) | 42.9 (41.1, 44.4) | <0.001 | 59.2 (57.7, 60.8) | 54.1 (51.9, 56.3) | 44.9 (43.6, 46.2) | <0.001 |
| Model 24 | 53.5 (51.4, 55.6) | 49.2 (47.7, 50.8) | 44.7 (43.1, 46.3) | <0.001 | 56.7 (54.8, 58.4) | 54.4 (52.8, 56.0) | 48.0 (46.4, 49.6) | <0.001 |
| TGs,5 mg/dL | ||||||||
| Model 13 | 85.9 (82.9, 89.0) | 114 (110, 118) | 201 (185, 216) | <0.001 | 73.6 (69.8, 77.0) | 107 (102, 111) | 180 (173, 189) | <0.001 |
| Model 24 | 85.5 (83.0, 88.0) | 117 (112, 123) | 198 (185, 212) | <0.001 | 74.2 (70.4, 78.3) | 108 (103, 113) | 175 (168, 183) | <0.001 |
| TC:HDL-C | ||||||||
| Model 13 | 3.7 (3.5, 3.8) | 4.3 (4.2, 4.4) | 5.5 (5.3, 5.7) | <0.001 | 3.1 (3.0, 3.2) | 4.0 (3.8, 4.1) | 5.2 (5.0, 5.3) | <0.001 |
| Model 24 | 3.8 (3.7, 3.9) | 4.3 (4.2, 4.5) | 5.4 (5.2, 5.6) | <0.001 | 3.3 (3.1, 3.5) | 3.9 (3.8, 4.1) | 5.0 (4.8, 5.2) | <0.001 |
Values are medians (ranges) for plasma TFA concentration or adjusted means (95% CIs). HDL-C, HDL cholesterol; LDL-C, LDL cholesterol; TC, total cholesterol; TFA, trans-fatty acid.
P values are presented for the linear difference across quintiles of plasma TFA concentration. All tests were 2-tailed and based on the Wald F test.
Model 1 adjusted for age, sex, race/ethnicity, and total calorie intake.
Model 2 adjusted for variables as in model 1 and additionally adjusted for educational attainment, smoking status, alcohol consumption, physical activity level, statin use, diabetes status, Healthy Eating Index-2010, BMI, total PUFAs, total saturated fat, total dietary TFAs, and TC intakes.
TG concentrations were log transformed and are presented as geometric means.