Table 5.
Associations of clinical characteristics with change in maximal treadmill walking time among participants randomized to exercise and control, respectively
| N | Baseline maximal treadmill walking time, mean (STD) | 6-month maximal treadmill walking time, mean (STD) | Within group change in maximal treadmill walking time, mean (95% CI) | Between group change in maximal treadmill walking time, mean (95% CI) | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age | ||||||
| Participants randomized to exercise | ||||||
| ≤ 67 years | 64 | 6.58 (4.74) | 10.89 (5.14) | 4.31 (3.26, 5.35) | Reference | 0.6561 |
| > 67 years | 75 | 7.60 (4.58) | 12.22 (5.78) | 4.63 (3.66, 5.59) | 0.32 (−1.10, 1.74) | |
| Participants randomized to control | ||||||
| ≤ 67 years | 76 | 7.40 (3.69) | 8.47 (4.34) | 1.08 (0.42, 1.74) | Reference | 0.0259 |
| > 67 years | 61 | 7.58 (4.08) | 7.53 (4.14) | −0.05 (−0.79, 0.69) | −1.13 (−2.12, −0.14) | |
| Sex | ||||||
| Participants randomized to exercise | ||||||
| Female | 65 | 6.82 (4.28) | 11.54 (5.60) | 4.72 (3.69, 5.76) | Reference | 0.5234 |
| Male | 74 | 7.40 (5.00) | 11.67 (5.48) | 4.26 (3.29, 5.24) | −0.46 (−1.88, 0.96) | |
| Participants randomized to control | ||||||
| Female | 57 | 6.94 (4.04) | 7.49 (4.41) | 0.55 (−0.22, 1.33) | Reference | 0.9453 |
| Male | 80 | 7.86 (3.70) | 8.45 (4.14) | 0.59 (−0.07, 1.25) | 0.04 (−0.98, 1.05) | |
| Race | ||||||
| Participants randomized to exercise | ||||||
| Not African American | 60 | 8.15 (4.98) | 13.04 (6.30) | 4.88 (3.81, 5.96) | Reference | 0.3255 |
| African American | 79 | 6.35 (4.29) | 10.52 (4.59) | 4.17 (3.23, 5.11) | −0.71 (−2.14, 0.72) | |
| Participants randomized to control | ||||||
| Not African American | 50 | 8.46 (4.72) | 9.05 (5.10) | 0.59 (−0.33, 1.42) | Reference | 0.9582 |
| African American | 87 | 6.92 (3.14) | 7.48 (3.61) | 0.56 (−0.07, 1.20) | −0.03 (−1.07, 1.02) | |
| ABI | ||||||
| Participants randomized to exercise | ||||||
| ≤ 0.65 | 75 | 5.51 (3.25) | 10.24 (4.15) | 4.73 (3.77, 5.70) | Reference | 0.4475 |
| > 0.65 | 64 | 9.03 (5.34) | 13.21 (6.45) | 4.18 (3.14, 5.23) | −0.55 (−1.97, 0.87) | |
| Participants randomized to control | ||||||
| ≤ 0.65 | 64 | 6.44 (3.51) | 7.11 (4.05) | 0.67 (−0.06, 1.40) | Reference | 0.7273 |
| > 0.65 | 73 | 8.39 (3.94) | 8.89 (4.30) | 0.49 (−0.20, 1.18) | −0.18 (−1.18, 0.83) | |
| BMI | ||||||
| Participants randomized to exercise | ||||||
| ≤ 30 kg/m2 | 62 | 7.43 (5.00) | 12.98 (5.97) | 5.55 (4.52, 6.58) | Reference | 0.0068 |
| > 30 kg/m2 | 77 | 6.89 (4.40) | 10.50 (4.88) | 3.62 (2.69, 4.55) | −1.93 (−3.32, −0.54) | |
| Participants randomized to control | ||||||
| ≤ 30 kg/m2 | 70 | 8.16 (4.26) | 8.78 (4.79) | 0.62 (−0.08, 1.33) | Reference | 0.8462 |
| > 30 kg/m2 | 67 | 6.77 (3.27) | 7.30 (3.52) | 0.52 (−0.19, 1.24) | −0.10 (−1.10, 0.91) | |
| Current smoker | ||||||
| Participants randomized to exercise | ||||||
| No | 95 | 7.72 (4.94) | 12.27 (5.91) | 4.55 (3.69, 5.40) | Reference | 0.7881 |
| Yes | 44 | 5.84 (3.76) | 10.18 (4.28) | 4.34 (3.08, 5.60) | −0.21 (−1.73, 1.32) | |
| Participants randomized to control | ||||||
| No | 99 | 7.65 (3.99) | 8.27 (4.39) | 0.62 (0.03, 1.21) | Reference | 0.7794 |
| Yes | 38 | 7.03 (3.50) | 7.49 (3.93) | 0.46 (−0.49, 1.41) | −0.16 (−1.28, 0.96) | |