Table 3.

Behavioral expressions, linguistic aspects, electroencephalographic (EEG) recording, and explanation of the actions concerning the incorporation trance.

	Concentration to enter trance (0.001–0.55 min.)
Behavioral expressions	Lupita is sitting with her eyes closed. In her hands, she holds the object wrapped in the bandana. Next to her, on the table, there is a glass of water that she had previously asked to be placed there. Lupita brings the bandana object to her forehead, sighs, and makes light moans. She rubs her hands together and continues sitting.
Linguistic aspects	-
EEG	Predominant beta activity alternating with gamma activity in a range of 25 to 50 Hz.
Explanation	Lupita acts as a medium in a trance so that the deceased person “occupies” her body. She feels dizzy, a kind of fainting, before the deceased who has been called enters her.
First stage of the trance: Lupita asks for the name of the dead person (0.56–1.10 min.)
Behavioral expressions	Lupita remains seated with her eyes closed.
Linguistic aspects	Lupita says “Peace be with you…” The participant also says that phrase. Lupita asks the participant “Who do you want to talk to?” The participant tells her the name of the person. Lupita repeats the name in a whisper.
EEG	Initial gamma activity from 30 to 70 Hz, which then oscillates to beta in ranges from 20 to 50 Hz.
Explanation	The trance allows Lupita to enter the invisible world, where the dead live, so that she can communicate with them.
Preparation for incorporation (1.11–3.06 min.) Process by which the dead person will enter Lupita’s body
Behavioral expressions	Lupita’s body moves as if wriggling, and she moans slightly; her movements make the chair she is sitting on creak. She keeps her eyes closed and sighs intermittently. Suddenly, she raises her head and holds on to the armrest of the chair with her left hand. She makes gestures that appear to be suffering. In her right hand, she holds the object wrapped in the bandana. She shakes violently, as if in a seizure. Lupita leans back in the chair, stirs, and suddenly straightens up, sitting almost vertically, but still shaking. Intermittently, she makes guttural sounds, a kind of moan and sigh, and grimaces that evoke pain.
Linguistic aspects	-
EEG	Gamma activity from 30 to 70 Hz that then oscillates to beta in ranges from 20 to 50 Hz.
Explanation	As Lupita enters the trance, her consciousness acquires a new perspective, a form of concentration typical of her gift that allows her to access the world of the dead.
Communication with the dead person (3.07–10.36 min.) The dead person enters Lupita’s body and communicates with the participant through it
Behavioral expressions	Lupita remains seated with her eyes closed, while the deceased “speaks” through her. Her attitude suggests that her consciousness is not there but rather that the deceased enters her body and displaces “the ordinary Lupita.”
Linguistic aspects	The dead person speaks (through Lupita): “Who is looking for me? What is on offer?” The participant responds with his name. The deceased asks him why he had remembered him until that moment; he tells him that he is not feeling well and that he lacks light. The deceased lets the participant know that his ex-partner (of the deceased) was in poor health and asks him to “take good care of him…” “he is going to come here soon” (referring to the world of the dead) because he is delicate of health but has not told anyone: “he has an incurable… illness.” The participant asks what he can do, and the deceased groans and sighs when told that his ex-partner does not want to establish communication with anyone but that the participant must insist on the friendship he had with the deceased. The deceased asks for light “so that I can get to my place,” “I suffer a lot here…I have nothing…nothing…where I’m going…I’m tired.” The deceased also tells him: “I left some papers… about money that was owed to me; tell him to collect it… if he can collect it.” He also tells him the place and manner in which those papers are found. The deceased asks for water and indicates that he is very thirsty. The participant offers the glass of water to Lupita, and she takes it and drinks. The participant asks the deceased why he had died if it was not his turn yet. He responds: “They overtook me… it wasn’t my time” (the deceased’s expression denotes sadness). The deceased blesses the participant and asks him again to take care of his partner. He says “goodbye.”
EEG	Predominant gamma activity from 30 to 70 Hz alternating with diffuse activity associated with muscle movements and beta activity from 20 to 40 Hz.
Explanation	The trance that Lupita enters is the means by which a dead person can enter her body to use it as a communication channel.
Lupita’s return (10:37–11:39 min.) Concentration to get out of the trance state
Behavioral expressions	After saying goodbye, Lupita begins to moan softly; a facial expression of sadness or pain is distinguished. She convulses and shakes her body and head. She holds the object in the bandana with both hands and kisses it; then, she crosses herself. The deceased is gone, and Lupita returns to her ordinary state of consciousness.
Linguistic aspects	-
EEG	Alpha activity of 9 Hz in the first minutes and gamma activity in a range of 30 to 60 Hz predominant in the later minutes. Then, 11 Hz alpha activity again during the last few seconds when Lupita has returned.
Explanation	Lupita must perform a particular type of concentration to come out of the trance at will. Her gift allows her to give light to the deceased when he leaves.
Communication between participants after trance (11.40–13.16 min)
Behavioral expressions	After coming out of the trance, Lupita looks tired and as if she had been crying.
Linguistic aspects	Lupita asks if the deceased communicated: “Did he speak?” The participant answers yes and explains to Lupita that the deceased told him he needed light. Lupita tells him that he must light a white candle along with six white flowers and a paper with the name of the deceased written on it; when the candle burns out, he must throw away the glass, the flowers, and the paper: “So the deceased will get light… That’s all.”
EEG	Beta activity alternating with diffuse activity associated with muscle movements.
Explanation	Thanks to her gift, Lupita can establish contact with the dead for various purposes, but the main one is to give them “light” so that they can find the path to peace. Lupita is not aware of her speech or movements while the deceased is in her body.