Table 2.
Assessment criteria for malnutrition diagnosis according to GLIM (n = 100)
| GLIM criterion | Patients fulfilling the criterion n (%) | p value MNA-SF vs MST | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| GLIM no screening n = 58g |
AFTER MNA-SF n = 51g |
AFTER MST n = 35g |
|||
| Phenotypic | Low BMIa | 28 (48) | 25 (49) | 15 (43) | 0.66 |
| Unintentional weight loss, all | 44 (76) | 39 (76) | 32 (91) | 0.08 | |
| Reduced muscle mass | 35 (61) | 30 (60) | 19 (54) | 0.66 | |
| Low calf circumference, n (%)b | 33 (73) | 28 (72) | 18 (72) | 1 | |
| Low mid arm circumference, n (%)c | 2 (17) | 2 (18) | 1 (10) | 1 | |
| Etiologic | Disease burden/inflammatory condition | ||||
| Inflammation (CRP over 10 mg/L) | 40 (70) | 36 (72) | 26 (76) | 0.81 | |
| WHO ICD-10 diagnosisd | 50 (86) | 43 (84) | 31 (89) | 0.75 | |
| Reduced food intake or assimilation | |||||
| Food intake, n < 50% (%) | 2 (3) | 2 (4) | 1 (3) | 1 | |
| Symptoms of assimilation | 24 (41) | 19 (37) | 12 (34) | 0.88 | |
| Nausea/vomiting, n (%) | 7 (12) | 6 (12) | 5 (14) | 0.75 | |
| Diarrhea, n (%) | 4 (7) | 2 (4) | 1 (3) | 1 | |
| Constipation, n (%) | 8 (14) | 8 (16) | 6 (17) | 1 | |
| Dysphagia, n (%) | 9 (16) | 8 (16) | 3 (9) | 0.51 | |
| Mal-nutrition | Total malnutrition | 58 (58) | 51 (51) | 35 (35) | 0.032 |
| Moderate malnutrition, n (%) | 29 (50) | 25 (49) | 13 (37) | 0.37 | |
| Severe malnutrition, n (%) | 29 (50) | 26 (51) | 22 (63) | 0.62 | |
| Physical function | |||||
| Low hand grip strengthe, n (%) | 41 (72) | 35 (70) | 24 (69) | 1 | |
| Low 30-s-chair stand testf, n (%) | 16 (80) | 15 (88) | 10 (91) | 1 | |
| Low modified 30-s-chair stand testg, n (%) | 33 (89) | 27 (82) | 23 (96) | 0.22 | |
aLow BMI: BMI < 22 kg/m2 > 70 years, BMI < 20 kg/m2 for < 70 years
bWomen under 32 cm, men under 33 cm. Adjusted for obesity as described in the method section
cUnder 21 cm
dClinical diagnosis of acute and chronic inflammatory disease in electronic patient record, e.g., major infections, burns, trauma (e.g., hip fracture) or closed head injury and other acute disease-/injury-related conditions associated with mild to moderate inflammation
eCut-off values for hand grip strength: < 16/27 for women and men
fCut-off values for 30-s-chair stand: Women 65–69 years: < 11; 70–79 years: < 10; 80–84 years: < 9; 85–89 years: < 8; 90–94 years: < 4; Men 65–69 years: < 12; 70–74 years: < 12; 75–79 years: < 11; 80–84 years: < 10; 85–89 years: < ; 90–94 years: < 7
gPercentages calculated from the n measured