Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of study cohort.
| Patients | Controls | SMD a | |
|---|---|---|---|
| (n=3 408) | (n=50 036) | ||
| n (%) | n (%) | ||
| Sex | <0.001 | ||
| Males | 2 305 (67.6) | 33 861 (67.7) | |
| Females | 1 103 (32.4) | 16 175 (32.3) | |
| Gestational age | 0.30 | ||
| <37w | 458 (14.6) | 2 596 (5.7) | |
| 37-41w | 2 475 (79.0) | 39 097 (86.1) | |
| >42w | 199 (6.4) | 3 721 (8.2) | |
| Birth length SDS b | 0.76 | ||
| SGA (<-2SDS) | 1 075 (35.1) | 3 263 (7.3) | |
| AGA (≥-2 - <+2 SDS) | 1 969 (64.3) | 39 643 (88.4) | |
| LGA (≥+2SDS) | 18 (0.6) | 1 966 (4.4) | |
| Birth weight SDS b | 0.55 | ||
| SGA (<-2SDS) | 662 (21.2) | 1 884 (4.2) | |
| AGA (≥-2 - <+2 SDS) | 2 441 (78.2) | 42 299 (93.5) | |
| LGA (≥+2SDS) | 19 (0.6) | 1 062 (2.4) | |
| Age at study start | 0.02 | ||
| 0-4 yrs | 369 (10.8) | 5 517 (11.0) | |
| 5-9 yrs | 1 501 (44.0) | 21 750 (43.5) | |
| 10-14 yrs | 1 433 (42.1) | 21 109 (42.2) | |
| 15- yrs | 105 (3.1) | 1 660 (3.3) | |
| Height at study start | 0.93 | ||
| <100 cm | 446 (13.8) | 1 195 (2.5) | |
| 100-149 cm | 2 698 (83.6) | 30 984 (64.9) | |
| ≥150 cm | 84 (2.6) | 15 600 (32.7) | |
| Family income level c | 0.07 | ||
| 1 | 627 (18.5) | 9 942 (20.0) | |
| 2 | 638 (18.8) | 9 816 (19.7) | |
| 3 | 679 (20.0) | 9 963 (20.0) | |
| 4 | 660 (19.4) | 10 013 (20.1) | |
| 5 | 792 (23.3) | 10 051 (20.2) | |
| Parental educational level d | 0.06 | ||
| 1 | 50 (1.5) | 929 (1.9) | |
| 2 | 149 (4.4) | 2 077 (4.2) | |
| 3 | 864 (25.4) | 13 228 (26.5) | |
| 4 | 600 (17.6) | 9 274 (18.6) | |
| 5 | 576 (16.9) | 8 872 (17.8) | |
| 6 | 1 059 (31.1) | 14 229 (28.5) | |
| 7 | 108 (3.2) | 1 273 (2.6) |
a
SMD, Standardized Mean Differences.
b
SDS, Standard Deviation Score; SGA, Small for Gestational Age; AGA, Appropriate for Gestational Age; LGA, Large for Gestational Age.
c
Quintiles of total disposable income within the family household at study inclusion, 1=lowest family income quintile and 5=highest family income quintile.
d
Highest achievable education level for parents collected from the Swedish Register of Education; 1= primary school <9yrs, 2= primary school 9 yrs, 3= secondary school 0-2 yrs, 4= secondary school >2yrs, 5= higher education <3 yrs, 6= higher education >3 yrs, 7= postgraduate/doctoral studies.