Table 2.

The five GWHQ conceptual factors: Descriptive statistics, Cronbach alpha scores and exemplar quote

Scale	Mean	SD	Cronbach α	Exemplars from students’ comments (one comment per table row)
Disrespect	1.68	0.60	.84	It is difficult to have autonomy over your life as you are completely at the whim of the medical school and your hospital team. This is in turn makes it difficult to plan anything as every 4–6 weeks your timetable completely changes, and you have no control over this
Isolation/exclusion	1.48	0.50	.62	If you are consistently ignored it can be hugely demoralising. I’d honestly rather be yelled or made fun of than ignored. I can handle someone yelling at me, and I can turn a joke and laugh at myself. But there’s not much I can do when the consultant or registrar won’t even talk to you or just walks off without you. There have been some runs where I’m like “can they see me?” “am I invisible today?”
Physical aggression	1.04	0.19	.58	When I was in 4th year I was bullied and tormented by a junior doctor, with whom I had a previous complicated relationship with I was terrified to go forward and complain to the faculty because • I didn’t think I would be believed • They had threatened me physically in the past • They had pictures and text messages of/from me that were compromising that I think they would have shared • this Dr was friends with a lot of the other junior doctors • I was terrified of the repercussions from them
Threats/bribes	1.26	0.36	.24	Every day we are forced to go somewhere where you are not wanted and no one has time for you. Further, we have to stay there even when there is nothing to learn because leaving to go study makes us look bad
Verbal aggression	1.60	0.53	.82	I watch, and experience, so many medical students belittled on a daily basis. I’ve also seen and heard some incredibly sexist and misogynistic things said to female students