Table 4.

Summary of some microalgal therapeutic proteins and their clinical uses

Sr. no	Host (microalgae)	Therapeutic proteins	Clinical use	References
1	P. tricornutum	CL4mAb with ER retention signal against hepatitis	Hepatitis B virus	Hempel et al. (2011), Vanier et al. (2015)
2	P. tricornutum	CL4mAb without ER retention signal against hepatitis	Hepatitis B virus	Hempel et al. (2011), Vanier et al. (2015)
3	P. tricornutum	IGA against Marburg virus	Marburg virus Disease	Hempel et al. (2017)
4	Chlorella sp.	Fish growth hormone	–	Kim et al. (2014)
5	Chlorella sp.	Trypsin-Modulating Oostatic factor	Mosquitoes decapeptide	Borovsky et al. (2016)
6	C. reinhardtii	Human erythropoietin	Anemia	Eichler-Stahlberg et al. (2009)
7	P. tricornutum	Hepatitis B surface Ag	Hepatitis B	Hempel et al. (2011)
8	Chlamydomonas sp.	HIV-1 P24 Ag	–	Barahimipour et al. (2016)
9	Chlorella sp.	IBDV VP2 protein	–	Reddy et al. (2017)
10	C. reinhardtii	IGA against herpes simplex virus	Herpes simplex virus	Mayfield et al. (2003)
11	C. reinhardtii	IgG1 against Anthrax	Anthrax	Tran et al. (2009)
12	C. reinhardtii	Immunotoxin against Lymphoma	Lymphoma	Tran et al. (2013)
13	C. reinhardtii	Human growth hormone	Turner syndrome	Wannathong et al. (2016)
14	C. reinhardtii	Angiotensin II fused to Hepatitis B virus capsid antigen (HbcAg)	Hepatitis B	Soria-Guerra et al. (2014)
15	C. reinhardtii, C. vulgaris, and D. salina	Human interleukin 2	Cancer	Dehghani et al. (2020)
16	P. tricornutum	RBD (Receptor binding domain) of SARS-CoV-2	COVID-19	Slattery et al. (2022)
17	C. reinhardtii	Human interferon alpha 2a	Cancer	Commault et al. (2020)
18	C. reinhardtii	RBD SARS-CoV-2	COVID-19	Berndt et al. (2021)
19	C. reinhardtii	Spike glycoprotein of SARS-CoV-2	COVID-19	Kiefer et al. (2022)
20	Schizochytrium sp.	BCB (multi-epitope protein)	Breast cancer	Hernández-Ramírez et al. (2020)
21	C. reinhardtii	Human VEGF-165 (human vascular endothelial growth factor)	Wound healing	Jarquín-Cordero et al. (2020)