. 2023 Sep 26;42(2):283–289. doi: 10.5534/wjmh.230105

Table 1. Treatment protocols from randomized sham-controlled trials of low-intensity shockwave therapy for erectile dysfunction.

Author (Country, Year)	ED: Patient population/PDE5i: Response status	Patient (n)	Energy (mJ/mm²)	Pulse frequency (Hz)	Total shocks	Penile shocks (Shaft/base/hilum)	Proximal shocks (Corpora/crura)	No. of sessions	Device	Outcome
Kalyvianakis et al (Greece, 2022) [25]	ED: Mod vasculogenic	67	0.096	5	5000	3000	2000	12	Aries 2 (Dornier MedTech)	IIEF: +
Kalyvianakis et al (Greece, 2022) [25]	PDE5i: Concurrent use	67	0.096	5	5000	3000	2000	12	Aries 2 (Dornier MedTech)	IIEF: +
Motil et al (Czech, 2022) [26]	ED: Post-prostatectomy	32	0.16	8	4000	2000	2000	4	PiezoWave2 (Richard Wolf)	IIEF: +
Motil et al (Czech, 2022) [26]	PDE5i: Unclassified	32	0.16	8	4000	2000	2000	4	PiezoWave2 (Richard Wolf)	IIEF: +
Ladegaard et al (Denmark, 2021) [24]	ED: Post-prostatectomy	38	0.15	5	4000	3000	1000	5	Duolith SD1 (Storz Medical)	IIEF: +
Ladegaard et al (Denmark, 2021) [24]	PDE5i: Unclassified	38	0.15	5	4000	3000	1000	5	Duolith SD1 (Storz Medical)	EHS: +
Ortac et al (Turkey, 2021) [27]	ED: Mild	64	0.2	5	3000	2400	600	4	Duolith SD1 (Storz Medical)	IIEF: +
Ortac et al (Turkey, 2021) [27]	PDE5i: Unclassified	64	0.2	5	3000	2400	600	4	Duolith SD1 (Storz Medical)	IIEF: +
Shendy et al (Egypt, 2021) [28]	ED: DM2, Mild-moderate	42	0.09	Not listed	3000	1800	1200	12	CSW-400 (Chattanooga Intellect)	IIEF: +
Shendy et al (Egypt, 2021) [28]	PDE5i: Unclassified	42	0.09	Not listed	3000	1800	1200	12	CSW-400 (Chattanooga Intellect)	PSV: +
Vinay et al (Spain, 2021) [29]	ED: Vasculogenic	76	0.09	2	5000	1800	3200	4	Renova (DIREX Group)	IIEF: +
Vinay et al (Spain, 2021) [29]	PDE5i: Non responders	76	0.09	2	5000	1800	3200	4	Renova (DIREX Group)	EHS:+
Kim et al (Korea, 2020) [30]	ED: Unclassified	81	12–20	5	3000	2000	1000	12	MT 2000H (Urontech Korea)	IIEF: +
Kim et al (Korea, 2020) [30]	PDE5i: Non responders	81	12–20	5	3000	2000	1000	12	MT 2000H (Urontech Korea)	IIEF: +
Zewin et al (Egypt, 2018) [31]	ED: Post cystectomy	128	0.09	2	1500	900	600	12	Aries device (Dornier MedTech)	IIEF: no change
Zewin et al (Egypt, 2018) [31]	PDE5i: Unclassified	128	0.09	2	1500	900	600	12	Aries device (Dornier MedTech)	EHS: no change
Fojecki et al (Denmark, 2017) [32]	ED: Unclassified	118	0.09	5	600	300	300	5	FBL10 (Richard -Wolf GmbH)	IIEF: no change
Fojecki et al (Denmark, 2017) [32]	PDE5i: Unclassified	118	0.09	5	600	300	300	5	FBL10 (Richard -Wolf GmbH)	IIEF: no change
Kalyvianakis and Hatzichristou (Greece, 2017) [33]	ED: Vasculogenic	46	0.09	2.7	1500	900	600	12	Omnispec ED1000 (Medispec Ltd)	IIEF: +
Kalyvianakis and Hatzichristou (Greece, 2017) [33]	PDE5i: Partial response	46	0.09	2.7	1500	900	600	12	Omnispec ED1000 (Medispec Ltd)	PSV: +
Kitrey et al (Israel, 2016) [34]	ED: Vasculogenic	55	0.09	2	1500	900	600	12	Omnispec ED1000 (Medispec)	IIEF: +
Kitrey et al (Israel, 2016) [34]	PDE5i: Non responders	55	0.09	2	1500	900	600	12	Omnispec ED1000 (Medispec)	EHS: +
Olsen et al (Denmark, 2015) [35]	ED: Unclassified	103	0.15	5	3000	3000	-	5	Duolith SD1 (Storz Medical)	IIEF: no change
Olsen et al (Denmark, 2015) [35]	PDE5i: Responders	103	0.15	5	3000	3000	-	5	Duolith SD1 (Storz Medical)	EHS: +
Yee et al (China, 2014) [36]	ED: Unclassified	58	0.09	2	1500	900	600	12	Omnispec ED1000 (Medispec)	IIEF: no change
Yee et al (China, 2014) [36]	PDE5i: Previous users	58	0.09	2	1500	900	600	12	Omnispec ED1000 (Medispec)	IIEF: no change
Vardi et al (Israel, 2012) [37]	ED: Unclassified	60	0.09	2	1500	900	600	12	Omnispec ED1000 (Medispec)	IIEF: +
Vardi et al (Israel, 2012) [37]	PDE5i: Responders	60	0.09	2	1500	900	600	12	Omnispec ED1000 (Medispec)	EHS: +

ED: erectile dysfunction, PDE5i: phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitors, IIEF: International Index of Erectile Function, EHS: erection hardness score, PSV: peak systolic velocity.