Table 2. Quality of evidence assessment (results of the Cambridge Quality Checklist [40]).
| First author | Year | Cambridge Quality Checklist | Total Quality score (3–15) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Checklist for correlates (1–5) | Checklist for risk factors (1–3) | Checklist for causal risk factor (1–7) | |||
| Kavoussi [42] | 2021 | 1 | 2 | 4 | 7 |
| Fathi [43] | 2021 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 9 |
| Abbasi [44] | 2020 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 6 |
| Kamal [45] | 2020 | 2 | 3 | 6 | 11 |
| Omar [46] | 2020 | 1 | 3 | 3 | 7 |
| Mostafa [47] | 2020 | 2 | 3 | 3 | 8 |
| Camargo [48] | 2019 | 1 | 3 | 3 | 7 |
| Afsin [49] | 2018 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 9 |
| Vahidi [50] | 2018 | 2 | 3 | 3 | 8 |
| Sun [51] | 2018 | 2 | 3 | 3 | 8 |
| Zaazaa [53] | 2018 | 2 | 3 | 7 | 12 |
| Lu [52] | 2018 | 2 | 3 | 3 | 8 |
| Abdelbaki [54] | 2017 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 9 |
| Ni [55] | 2016 | 3 | 3 | 4 | 10 |
| Telli [56] | 2015 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 9 |
| Tavalaee [57] | 2015 | 2 | 3 | 3 | 8 |
| Mohammed [58] | 2015 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 9 |
| Smit [59] | 2013 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 9 |
| Li [60] | 2012 | 1 | 3 | 3 | 7 |
| Gabriel [61] | 2012 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 9 |
| La Vignera [62] | 2012 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 9 |
| Sadek [63] | 2011 | 3 | 3 | 4 | 10 |
| Zini [64] | 2011 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 9 |
| Ghazi [65] | 2011 | 2 | 3 | 3 | 8 |
| Dada [66] | 2010 | 0 | 3 | 5 | 8 |
| Nasr Esfahani [67] | 2010 | 2 | 3 | 6 | 11 |
| Smit [34] | 2010 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 9 |
| Zini [68] | 2005 | 4 | 2 | 3 | 9 |
| Yeşilli [69] | 2005 | 1 | 3 | 4 | 8 |