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. 2024 Mar 13;19:2553–2571. doi: 10.2147/IJN.S452824

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© 2024 Jiang et al.

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Fabrication and characterization of P-ENV. (A) Representative TEM images of exosome, ENV and P-ENV. Scale bar = 200 nm. (B) Size distribution of exosome, ENV and P-ENV by NTA analysis. (C) Colocalization analysis of P-ENV (yellow) or a simple mixture of PM (green) and ENV (red) by confocal fluorescence images. Scale bar = 20 um. (D) Western blot analysis of Alix, TSG101, CD81 and CD73 expression or CD62P, GPVI and GPIbα expression in platelet membrane (PM), ENV and P-ENV. (E) The particle sizes of exosome, ENV and P-ENV after incubation with PBS or serum. (F) Relative cell viability as evaluated by CCK-8 assay after various treatments. n = 3. All data are presented as mean ± SD (*P < 0.05, ***P < 0.001).