Table 2.
Psychopathological features of the sample
| Scale, M (SD) | Total sample | DepHK | DepHK- | noDepHK + | noDepHK- | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| PHQ-9 total score | 11.0 (5.8) | 16.1 (4.3) | 13.4 (3.1) | 6.4 (2.1) | 5.5 (2.3) |
F(3,683) = 486.263 p < 0.001* |
| GAD-7 total score | 10.3 (5.4) | 13.9 (4.3) | 12.2 (3.9) | 5.9 (3.9) | 7.2 (3.9) |
F(3,683) = 176.712 p < 0.001* |
| HQ-25 total score | 42.1 (13.6) | 55.1 (8.6) | 32.7 (6.1) | 49.9 (6.7) | 30.2 (6.8) |
F(3,683) = 547.499 p < 0.001* |
| HQ-25 Socialization | 18.5 (6.4) | 24.4 (4.5) | 14.4 (3.4) | 21.4 (4.3) | 13.1 (3.5) |
F(3,683) = 373.610 p < 0.001* |
| HQ-25 Isolation | 11.8 (6.4) | 17.4 (4.7) | 7.6 (3.0) | 15.6 (4.1) | 6.4 (3.1) |
F(3,683) = 392.189 p < 0.001* |
| HQ-25 emotional support | 11.9 (2.9) | 13.3 (2.6) | 10.7 (2.7) | 12.9 (2.1) | 10.7 (2.8) |
F(3,683) = 50.432 p < 0.001* |
| TEMPS-M depressive | 20.9 (7.4) | 25.7 (6.6) | 21.8 (5.9) | 19.2 (6.3) | 15.6 (5.8) |
F(3,683) = 103.307 p < 0.001** |
| TEMPS-Mcyclothymic | 20.1 (8.0) | 25.0 (6.9) | 22.0 (7.2) | 17.4 (6.6) | 14.1 (5.7) |
F(3,683) = 112.067 p < 0.001* |
| TEMPS-M hyperthymic | 19.0 (6.0) | 17.9 (6.2) | 18.9 (5.4) | 18.9 (6.0) | 20.4 (6.0) |
F(3,683) = 6.832 p < 0.001** |
| TEMPS-M Irritable | 14.9 (6.1) | 17.3 (6.7) | 15.2 (5.6) | 14.1 (5.4) | 12.5 (4.8) |
F(3,683) = 27.071 p < 0.001* |
| TEMPS-M anxious | 19.5 (7.0) | 22.7 (6.7) | 20.5 (6.4) | 18.0 (6.6) | 15.7 (5.8) |
F(3,683) = 48.300 p < 0.001* |
| MSBS total score | 104.2 (41.4) | 136.8 (29.5) | 102.0 (34.1) | 96.1 (33.8) | 71.7 (31.6) |
F(3,683) = 161.565 p < 0.001* |
| MSBS Disengagement | 38.9 (16.4) | 51.5 (11.6) | 37.4 (13.9) | 35.9 (13.9) | 26.6 (13.1) |
F(3,683) = 143.205 p < 0.001* |
| MSBS high arousal | 17.7 (8.1) | 23.5 (6.7) | 18.3 (7.0) | 15.7 (6.3) | 11.5 (5.9) |
F(3,683) = 132.424 p < 0.001* |
| MSBS inattention | 17.6 (7.3) | 22.0 (5.6) | 17.9 (6.9) | 16.2 (6.9) | 12.7 (6.4) |
F(3,683) = 83.919 p < 0.001 |
| MSBS low arousal | 19.2 (9.3) | 26.6 (6.9) | 17.9 (7.6) | 17.7 (8.0) | 11.9 (6.6) |
F(3,683) = 166.017 p < 0.001 |
| MSBS time perception | 11.1 (7.0) | 13.2 (8.4) | 10.5 (6.3) | 10.6 (5.8) | 9.1 (5.5) |
F(3,683) = 14.586 p < 0.001 |
HQ-25 hikikomori questionnaire-25 items, PHQ-9 Patient health Questionnaire-9, MSBS multidimensional state boredom scale, TEMPS-M munster temperament evaluation of memphis, Pisa, Paris and San Diego; GAD-7 generalized anxiety disorder-7
*Bonferroni
**T2 Tamhane
In bold significant p-values