Table 2.
MSNA variables during the PLR test
| Groups | PLR test (angle) | Two-way RM ANOVA | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Baseline, 0º | 10º | 20º | 30º | 40º | |||
| ΔMSNA BF (bursts/min) | Males | 0.0 ± 0.0 | − 2.3 ± 0.6 | − 3.4 ± 0.5 | − 4.8 ± 0.4 | − 6.2 ± 0.4 |
Group: F = 0.1, P = 0.833 Angle: F = 95.2, P < 0.001 Group × Angle: F = 0.7, P = 0.611 |
| Females | 0.0 ± 0.0 | − 1.5 ± 0.6 | − 3.4 ± 0.6 | − 4.7 ± 0.5 | − 6.5 ± 0.4 | ||
| MSNA BI (bursts/100 heartbeats) | Males | 29.1 ± 1.9 | 25.5 ± 2.4 | 23.8 ± 2.2 | 21.2 ± 1.8 | 18.9 ± 1.5 |
Group: F = 5.0, P = 0.038 Angle: F = 92.2, P < 0.001 Group × Angle: F = 0.4, P = 0.820 |
| Females | 23.7 ± 1.4† | 21.0 ± 1.7† | 18.1 ± 1.4† | 15.8 ± 1.2† | 13.1 ± 1.2† | ||
| ΔMSNA BI (bursts/100 heartbeats) | Males | 0.0 ± 0.0 | − 3.7 ± 0.9 | − 5.4 ± 1.0 | − 8.0 ± 0.7 | − 10.2 ± 0.8 |
Group: F < 0.1, P = 0.940 Angle: F = 92.2, P < 0.001 Group × Angle: F = 0.4, P = 0.820 |
| Females | 0.0 ± 0.0 | − 2.7 ± 0.9 | − 5.6 ± 1.1 | − 7.9 ± 0.8 | − 10.6 ± 0.8 | ||
| Normalized MSNA burst amplitude (%) | Males | 0.0 ± 0.0 | − 15.4 ± 6.9 | − 25.9 ± 8.0 | − 35.0 ± 5.5 | − 41.6 ± 6.8 |
Group: F = 0.4, P = 0.515 Angle: F = 146.3, P < 0.001 Group × Angle: F = 0.3, P = 0.897 |
| Females | 0.0 ± 0.0 | − 26.9 ± 6.6 | − 29.2 ± 6.1 | − 35.8 ± 6.3 | − 42.0 ± 5.7 | ||
| MSNA TA (a.u./min) | Males | 91.2 ± 11.3 | 66.5 ± 11.5 | 54.1 ± 10.7 | 44.6 ± 8.5 | 35.4 ± 7.0 |
Group: F = 1.4, P = 0.259 Angle: F = 73.7, P < 0.001 Group × Angle: F = 0.3, P = 0.896 |
| Females | 74.0 ± 8.1† | 51.0 ± 9.1† | 40.7 ± 6.8† | 32.7 ± 5.5† | 24.1 ± 4.3† | ||
| ΔMSNA TA (a.u./min) | Males | 0.0 ± 0.0 | − 24.7 ± 5.3 | − 37.2 ± 5.7 | − 46.6 ± 5.6 | − 55.8 ± 6.1 |
Group: F = 0.3, P = 0.580 Angle: F = 73.7, P < 0.001 Group × Angle: F = 0.3, P = 0.896 |
| Females | 0.0 ± 0.0 | − 23.0 ± 4.0† | − 33.3 ± 4.8† | − 41.3 ± 6.2† | − 49.9 ± 6.0† | ||
Values are mean ± SE. MSNA BF, MSNA burst frequency; MSNA BI, MSNA burst incidence; MSNA TA, MSNA total activity
†P < 0.05 vs. Males