Table 3.

Influential factors impacting on different phases of student enrollment.

Influential factors	Description	Sources
Physical infrastructure	•Flooding, earthquakes, or storm damage to dormitories or school buildings. •Road and bridge closures make it challenging for students to get to and from school. •Power outages, which reduce the supply of electricity and internet connectivity.	[25,42]
Economic impact	•The disaster caused job losses for families, making paying for tuition and other education-related costs challenging. •Decreased government financing for higher education institutions in disaster-affected areas, which results in increased expenses for schools to repair and replace destroyed infrastructure and raises tuition for students.	[39,43]
Psychological impact	•Students facing anxiety, despair, and other mental health concerns as a result of the trauma of a natural disaster. •Difficulty focusing and learning as a result of chronic stress and emotional difficulties. •A reluctance to return to school due to fear of natural disasters in the future or a repeat of the same disaster.	[15,41,44]
Resource constraints	•Funding cuts for educational resources including computers and textbooks resulting from the disaster. •Reduced availability of student services including counseling and academic advising due to reduced budget and personnel availability. •Limited faculty and staff availability due to displacement or difficulty commuting to the university.	[37,43] [45]
Social support networks	•The disaster's disruption of social networks results in a lack of support for students who could be having a hard time dealing with the fallout. •Difficulty sustaining social ties as a result of moving or losing one's community and home. •Inability to obtain social support services, such as counseling and mental health care, as a result of the disaster's effects on the healthcare system's infrastructure.	[44,46]
Research and academic programs	•The interruption of research projects results from equipment or lab facility damage. •Decreased quality of education due to less availability of faculty and staff or restrictions in course offerings and programming. •Reduced availability of academic resources like libraries and databases owing to power outages or internet connectivity issues.	[[47], [48], [49]]