Figure 5.

Near-atomic cryoEM reconstructions of GroEL, demonstrating no structural damage introduced by the surfactants at the indicated concentrations — the proposed solution to the AWI problem. A– D Various surface views of the cryoEM reconstructions of GroEL in different buffer conditions, in the absence of any surfactant at 3.3 Å resolution ( A), and the presence of 3.0 mmol/L FFC8 at 3.5 Å resolution ( B), 0.3 mmol/L NP40 at 3.3 Å resolution ( C), and 0.17 mmol/L DDM at 3.5 Å resolution ( D). The fourth row displays the semi-transparent zoom-in view of the boxed region in the third row, depicting a ribbon diagram of chain L of the X-ray crystal structure (Wang and Chen 2003) (PDB: 1MNF, shown in green ribbon representation) fitted. The fifth row shows the zoom-in view of the boxed region in the fourth row. The structure colored in red within the box (amino acid residues 470 to 481) is now shown with the amino-acid residues and the cryoEM densities are displayed as wireframes