Table 3.
Association between malnutrition and treatment outcomes during 42 days follow-up, for different parameter representations
|
Parasite positivity on day 2 |
Recrudescence* |
Reinfection* |
||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N (n) | AOR (95% CI) | p value | N (n) | AHR (95% CI) | p value | N (n) | AHR (95% CI) | p value | ||
| Wasting | ||||||||||
| WHZ (decrease)† | 10 747 (983) | 1·12 (1·05–1·18) | 0·0002 | 10 775 (305) | 1·14 (1·02–1·26) | 0·016 | 10 789 (1864) | 1·09 (1·04–1·13) | 0·0003 | |
| Wasted (WHZ <–2) | ||||||||||
| No | 9580 (891) | 1 | NA | 9546 (272) | 1 | NA | 9553 (1587) | 1 | NA | |
| Yes | 1166 (92) | 1·16 (0·90–1·51) | 0·256 | 1229 (33) | 1·15 (0·77–1·74) | 0·50 | 1236 (277) | 1·32 (1·13–1·54) | 0·0003 | |
| WHZ | ||||||||||
| ≥0 | 4096 (398) | 1 | NA | 4053 (95) | 1 | NA | 4056 (578) | 1 | NA | |
| ≥–1 to 0 | 3372 (316) | 1·32 (1·10–1·58) | 0·0027 | 3367 (97) | 1·27 (0·90–1·79) | 0·18 | 3370 (609) | 1·05 (0·91–1·21) | 0·51 | |
| ≥–2 to −1 | 2112 (177) | 1·33 (1·08–1·65) | 0·0088 | 2126 (80) | 1·85 (1·29–2·65) | 0·0008 | 2127 (400) | 1·14 (0·98–1·34) | 0·09 | |
| ≥–3 to −2 | 853 (64) | 1·32 (0·96–1·82) | 0·088 | 859 (27) | 1·68 (1·02–2·75) | 0·041 | 865 (202) | 1·42 (1·17–1·72) | 0·0004 | |
| <–3 | 313 (28) | 1·52 (0·96–2·42) | 0·074 | 370 (6) | 1·08 (0·43–2·74) | 0·86 | 371 (75) | 1·33 (0·99–1·79) | 0·055 | |
| Stunting‡ | ||||||||||
| HAZ (decrease)§ | 9726 (879) | 0·96 (0·91–1·01) | 0·14 | 9777 (283) | 0·99 (0·91–1·07) | 0·74 | 9777 (1833) | 0·99 (0·95–1·02) | 0·44 | |
| Stunted (HAZ <–2) | ||||||||||
| No | 6511 (580) | 1 | NA | 6546 (191) | 1 | NA | 6547 (1171) | 1 | NA | |
| Yes | 3215 (299) | 0·95 (0·79–1·13) | 0·54 | 3231 (92) | 0·90 (0·70–1·16) | 0·43 | 3230 (580) | 0·99 (0·90–1·10) | 0·87 | |
| HAZ | ||||||||||
| ≥0 | 1439 (137) | 1 | NA | 1439 (34) | 1 | NA | 1439 (253) | 1 | NA | |
| ≥–1 to 0 | 2205 (186) | 0·97 (0·74–1·26) | 0·79 | 2208 (62) | 1·11 (0·73–1·69) | 0·64 | 2209 (407) | 0·96 (0·82–1·13) | 0·65 | |
| ≥–2 to −1 | 2867 (257) | 0·96 (0·74–1·24) | 0·74 | 2899 (95) | 1·26 (0·85–1·88) | 0·26 | 2899 (511) | 0·87 (0·74–1·01) | 0·072 | |
| ≥–3 to −2 | 2011 (176) | 0·97 (0·74–1·29) | 0·86 | 2041 (59) | 1·07 (0·70–1·65) | 0·75 | 2040 (379) | 0·92 (0·78–1·08) | 0·29 | |
| <–3 | 1204 (123) | 0·83 (0·61–1·13) | 0·24 | 1190 (33) | 1·00 (0·61–1·64) | 0·99 | 1190 (201) | 0·92 (0·76–1·11) | 0·38 | |
All models were adjusted for other independent predictors, as shown in table 2. AOR=adjusted odds ratio. AHR=adjusted hazard ratio. HAZ=height-for-age Z score. N=number of evaluated children. n=number with outcome. NA=not applicable. WHZ=weight-for-height Z score.
*
For WHZ, AHR estimate for 28 days follow-up is shown; no significant association was observed for 28–42-day intervals, as presented in table 2.
†
Estimates shown for 1 unit decrease in WHZ.
‡
20 studies with age measured in months were included in the analysis.
§
Estimates shown for 1 unit decrease in HAZ.