FIGURE 2.

CroRS‐regulated pathways of the enterococcal cell envelope in response to TXB stress. The enterococcal cell envelope is composed of two main layers: a cytoplasmic lipid membrane, surrounded by a thick cell wall. The mevalonate pathway is essential for synthesis of UPP. UPP serves as a key membrane anchor and carrier of cell wall precursors required for peptidoglycan, wall teichoic acid and Epa biosynthesis. Peptidoglycan is the major component of the cell wall, with teichoic acids (wall and lipoteichoic) and the Epa (enterococcal polysaccharide antigen) cell wall polysaccharides as the two other major constituents. CroRS‐regulated expression of genes required for the biosynthesis of each of these components in response to teixobactin challenge is listed below each respective pathway. In the case of wall and lipoteichoic acid synthesis, CroRS‐regulated genes are located between these two pathways due to their shared role in these pathways.