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. 2023 Dec 9;102(2):117–130. doi: 10.1111/imcb.12714

Figure 4.

Figure 4

PD‐L1.Fc inhibits CD8+ T‐cell expansion irrespective of interleukin (IL)‐2 or CD28 costimulation. Wild‐type (WT) and PD‐1−/− CD8+ T cells were stimulated on plates coated with anti‐CD3 + Ctrl.Fc or PD‐L1.Fc. Analysis of cell number, original cohort and mean division number (MDN) over time with Ctrl.Fc (black) or PD‐L1.Fc (purple or green) is shown. (a) Cell response in the absence of the anti–IL‐2 neutralizing monoclonal antibody (mAb) S4B6. Mean ± standard error of the mean of three triplicate wells, one experiment. The open symbol indicates an estimated MDN where MDN could not be accurately determined because of loss of CellTrace Violet (CTV) resolution. (b) Cell response in the absence of anti‐CD28 mAb 37.51 costimulation. Mean ± standard error of the mean of three triplicate wells, unpaired t‐tests were performed comparing conditions at each timepoint, *P < 0.05, representative of four independent experiments. PD‐1, programmed death receptor 1; PD‐L1, PD‐1 ligand 1; PD‐L1.Fc, PD‐L1 coupled to the Fc portion of IgG1.