Table 1.

Characteristics of studies included in meta-analysis

Studies	Year	Country	Blind	Sample size	Male/Female	Age (y)	Malignant/Benign	Reference standard
Chen [11]	2013	China	Unclear	109	55/54	24–80	67/42	S, B
Cheng [12]	2019	China	Unclear	362	194/168	22–68	291/71	S, B
Guo [13]	2019	China	Unclear	312	172/140	30–89	215/97	S, B
Honguero Martínez [14]	2021	Spain	Unclear	305	225/80	29–86	258/47	S, B
Lin [15]	2015	China	Yes	186	Not given	Not given	123/63	S, B
Liu [16]	2016	China	Unclear	164	103/61	Mean 58	104/60	S, B, F
Ma [17]	2020	China	Unclear	161	91/70	27–85	131/30	S, B
Pei [18]	2015	China	Unclear	156	92/64	Mean 57.6	85/71	S, B
Tian [19]	2012	China	Unclear	105	71/34	Mean 57	61/44	S, B
van Gómez López [20]	2015	Spain	Unclear	55	45/10	Mean 61	40/15	S
Wang [21]	2018	China	Yes	177	95/82	26–85	119/58	S, B
Xiang [22]	2016	China	Yes	110	71/39	Mean 59	80/30	S
Zhang [23]	2021	China	Unclear	222	All males	Mean 68	157/65	S, B, F

B: biopsy; F: follow-up; S: surgery