FIGURE 7.

Bioreactor fermentation of A. pullulans NRRL 62042 with MLP and oMLP: Batch fermentation of minimal polyol lipid production (MLP with 126 g L⁻¹ glucose, 0.95 g L⁻¹ NH₄NO₃, and 1 g L⁻¹ K₂HPO₄) and optimized minimal polyol lipid production (oMLP with 208 g L⁻¹, 1.91 g L⁻¹ NH₄NO₃, and 6.3 g L⁻¹ K₂HPO₄) medium with A. pullulans NRRL 62042 (700 mL medium, 30°C, 30% DO-control by varying stirrer rate from 300-1,000 rpm, aeration with 100% air and 0.5 vvm, n = 2). Polyol lipid (A), cell dry weight (B), oxygen (OTR), and carbon dioxide (CTR) transfer rate and respiration quotient (RQ) (C), glucose (D), pullulan (E), and pH (F) over time. The error bars show the deviation from the mean of biological duplicates.