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. 2023 Aug 19;3:100151. doi: 10.1016/j.dialog.2023.100151

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© 2023 The Authors

This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Fig. 1 — Directed Acyclic Graph (DAG) of the association between diet before study baseline and baseline measures of weight and waist circumference and EAT-Lancet diet score at baseline. This DAG is constructed in DAGitty [20]. ^aWC, Waist circumference, exposure, outcome, ancestor of exposure, ancestor of outcome ancestor of exposure and outcome, causal path, biasing path. Panel A represents baseline weight and WC as confounders for the causal association between EAT-Lancet diet and follow-up weight and WC. The direct causal association between EAT-Lancet diet and follow-up weight and WC is the same as the direct causal association between the exogenous change and follow-up weight and WC. Panel B represents baseline weight and WC as mediators of the causal association between EAT-Lancet diet and follow-up weight and WC. The total causal association represents the direct association between the exogenous change and follow-up weight and WC, and the indirect association mediated through baseline weight and WC.

Directed Acyclic Graph (DAG) of the association between diet before study baseline and baseline measures of weight and waist circumference and EAT-Lancet diet score at baseline. This DAG is constructed in DAGitty [20]. ^aWC, Waist circumference, exposure, outcome, ancestor of exposure, ancestor of outcome ancestor of exposure and outcome, causal path, biasing path. Panel A represents baseline weight and WC as confounders for the causal association between EAT-Lancet diet and follow-up weight and WC. The direct causal association between EAT-Lancet diet and follow-up weight and WC is the same as the direct causal association between the exogenous change and follow-up weight and WC. Panel B represents baseline weight and WC as mediators of the causal association between EAT-Lancet diet and follow-up weight and WC. The total causal association represents the direct association between the exogenous change and follow-up weight and WC, and the indirect association mediated through baseline weight and WC.