Table 2.
Baseline Patient and Clinical Characteristics of 1,858,441 Patient-level Pain Assessments, n(%)a.
| All Assessments | Self-Report Tool | Behavioral Tool | Other | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
|
|
|
||||
| Overall | Numeric | Verbal | FACES | CNPI | Other | p-value | |
|
| |||||||
| Total | 1,858,441 | 1,265,662 (68.1) | 440,742 (23.7) | 15,806 (0.8) | 133,054 (7.2) | 3,083(0.2) | <.001 |
| RACE/ETHNICITY | |||||||
| American Indian or Alaska Native | 11,594 (0.6) | 9,215 (0.7) | 1,920 (0.4) | 55 (0.4) | 387 (0.3) | 17 (0.6) | <.001 |
| Asian | 305,953 (16.5) | 156,588 (12.4) | 101,775 (23.1) | 5,084 (32.2) | 41,738 (31.4) | 768 (24.9) | |
| Black or African American | 322,474 (17.4) | 237,556 (18.8) | 64,269 (14.6) | 2,010 (12.7) | 18,187 (13.7) | 452 (14.7) | |
| Latino | 245,012 (13.2) | 171,757 (13.6) | 56,430 (12.8) | 1,832 (11.6) | 14,576 (11.0) | 417 (13.5) | |
| Multi-Race/Ethnicity | 37,853 (2.0) | 25,488 (2.0) | 9,325 (2.1) | 296 (1.9) | 2,685 (2.0) | 59 (1.9) | |
| Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander | 15,024 (0.8) | 8,251 (0.7) | 3,813 (0.9) | 186 (1.2) | 2,726 (2.1) | 48 (1.6) | |
| Other/Unknown | 64,616 (3.5) | 43,610 (3.5) | 15,291 (3.5) | 543 (3.5) | 4,952 (3.7) | 110 (3.6) | |
| White | 855,915 (46.1) | 613,197 (48.5) | 187,908 (42.6) | 5,795 (36.7) | 47,803 (35.9) | 1,212 (39.3) | |
| GENDER | |||||||
| Female | 949,950 (51.1) | 649,443 (51.3) | 217,858 (49.4) | 8,691 (55.0) | 72,382 (54.4) | 1,576 (51.1) | <.001 |
| Male | 907,774 (48.9) | 615,726 (48.7) | 222,787 (50.6) | 7,106 (45.0) | 60,648 (45.6) | 1,507 (48.9) | |
| Nonbinary | 524 (0.0) | 437 (0.0) | 66 (0.0) | 2 (0.0) | 19 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | |
| Unknown | 193 (0.0) | 150 (0.0) | 31(0.0) | 7 (0.0) | 5 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | |
| LIMITED ENGLISH PROFICIENCY STATUS | |||||||
| Yes | 244,794 (13.2) | 111,700 (8.8) | 88,758 (20.1) | 4,766 (30.2) | 38,844 (29.2) | 726 (23.6) | <.001 |
| No | 1,613,647 (86.8) | 1,154,056 (91.2) | 351,984 (79.9) | 11,040 (69.9) | 94,210 (70.8) | 2,357 (76.5) | |
| OTHER COVARIATES | |||||||
| Age, median (IQR) | 59 (44–71) | 55 (40–67) | 65 (52–77) | 69 (54–83) | 69 (54–84) | 65 (52–81) | <.001 |
| Cancer Pain Dx | 44,100 (2.4) | 30,714 (2.4) | 8,713 (2.0) | 369 (2.3) | 4,202 (3.2) | 102 (3.3) | <.001 |
| Opioids on Admission | 984,914 (53.0) | 739,465 (58.4) | 180,365 (40.9) | 6,647 (42.1) | 56,838 (42.7) | 1,419 (46.0) | <.001 |
| Comfort Care | 101,320 (5.5) | 38,239 (3.0) | 25,552 (5.8) | 1,828 (11.6) | 35,142 (26.4) | 509 (16.5) | <.001 |
| Comorbidity Index, median (IQR) | 9 (0–17) | 7 (0–15) | 11 (2–19) | 11 (2–20) | 13 (4–21) | 10 (1–19) | <.001 |
| LOS, median (IQR) | 7.8 (4.2–15.2) | 7.6 (4.1–15.0) | 7.8 (4.5–15.1) | 8.3 (4.6–16.8) | 8.8 (4.8–16.7) | 6.1 (3.5–12.4) | <.001 |
a
The percentages reflect column percentages.