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. 2024 Mar 7;30:1611643. doi: 10.3389/pore.2024.1611643

FIGURE 1.

FIGURE 1

The regulatory roles, target proteins, and structure of the mTORC1 and mTORC2. (A) Effector mechanisms and functions of the mTORC1 and mTORC2. The schematic diagram shows the activating (black lines with arrows) and inhibitory (red lines with inhibition signs) effects. (B) Structural elements mTORC1 and mTORC2. The X-ray crystallographic field structure of mTOR complexes and the binding sites of specific partner molecules on the mTOR kinase domain are shown in the figure. Abbreviations: Deptor, DEP domain containing mTOR-interacting protein; HEAT repeats, Huntingtin, elongation factor 3 (EF3), protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A), TOR1; FAT domain, FRAP, ATM, TRRAP; FRB domain, FKBP12-rapamycin binding; FATC domain, C-terminal FAT domain; mLST8, mammalian lethal with sec-13 protein 8; mSin1, mammalian stress-activated map kinase-interacting protein 1; PRAS40, proline-rich Akt substrate of 40 kDa; Protor, protein observed with Rictor; rap, rapamycin; Raptor, regulatory-associated protein of mTOR; Rictor, rapamycin-insensitive companion of mTOR; other explanations in text.