Table 2.
Names, definitions, and coding of the predictors and outcome variables collected by questionnaires and video analysis. Initial questionnaire as the basis for the predictor variables and 2nd questionnaire (self-assessment) as well as assessment protocol for video analysis as the basis for the outcome variables
| Variable | Definition | Coding |
|---|---|---|
| Predictors (initial questionnaire) | ||
| Educational programme | Workshop or Self-Instructed | 1 / 0 = WORKSHOP / BOOK GROUP |
| Sex of goat | 1 / 0 = female / male castrated | |
| Age | Age of participant | 5 / 4 / 3 / 2 / 1 = >40 / 34-40 / 26-33 / 18-25 / <18 |
| Job with animal | Do animals play a role in the participant´s profession? | 1 / 0 = yes / no |
| Prior education | Did the participant have prior education in animal training? | 3 / 2 / 1 / 0 = both / practical / theoretical / none |
| Experience years | How many years of experience in animal training did participant have (self-assessment)? | 4 / 3 / 2 / 1 / 0 = >10 yrs / >5 yrs / >1 yr / <1 yr / none |
| Experience with animals | How many animals did the participant train before (self-assessment)? | 4 / 3 / 2 / 1 / 0 = >10 / 6-10 / 2-5 / 1 / none |
| Video analysis (assessment protocol, see Supplementary material ) | ||
| Session [#] | The total number of sessions conducted | |
| Duration [min] | Total duration of training sessions | |
| Jump | Grade (1-6) for “goat on platform” (element I in the Supplementary material | 1 = equivalent to expert reference standard 2 to 5 = deviations from expert reference standard 6 = not showing any of the target behaviour |
| Chin | Grade (1-6) for “chin on hand” (element II) | see jump |
| Touch | Grade (1-6) for “touch of the neck” (element III) | see jump |
| Standing still | Grade (1-6) for standing still (element IV) | see jump |
| Trait trainer | Grade (1-6) for behaviour of participant (element V) | see jump |
| Respectfulness | Grade (1-6) for respectfulness of the goat (respectful goat: keeps a certain distance from the human and does not make body contact; element VI) | see jump |
| Goal achieved | Overall grade (1-6) for achieving the three tasks (jump, chin, touch; element VII) | see jump |
| Self-assessment (2nd questionnaire) | ||
| Time slots | “The offered training slots were sufficient for me” | 1 / 0 = yes / no |
| Former experience | “I mostly trained based on my former (training) experiences” | 1 / 0 = yes / no |
| Personal instruction | “I would have trained more effectively with individual instruction” | 1 / 0 = yes / don’t know or no |
| Implement content | “I was able to implement the content of the book / workshop during training” | 2 / 1 / 0 = completely / partly / not at all |
| Content use helpful | “The implementation of the book’s / the workshop’s content improved my training” | 3 / 2 / 1 / 0 = yes / rather yes / rather no / no or did not implement the content |
| Goal self-assessment | “I accomplished the training’s task” | 1 / 0 = yes / no |
| Chin self-assessment | “The goat laid its chin calmly on my hand” | 1 / 0 = yes / no |
| Questions of 2nd Questionnaire for descriptive evaluation | ||
| “What was the training goal?” Complete description of goal included: “calm” OR “stand still” AND “jump on platform” AND “chin in hand” AND “touch of neck” |
1 / 0 = complete/ incomplete description | |
| “Training goals were achievable” | 1 / 0 = yes / no | |
| “Training goals were clear to me” | 1 / 0 = yes / no | |
| “Available time slots were sufficient” | 1 / 0 = yes / no | |
| “I created a training schedule” | 1 / 0 = yes / no | |