Table 1.

Eligibility criteria for studies

Characteristic	Include	Exclude
Population	Older people (mean age ≥65 years) living at home at study entry	Participants living in residential care or nursing homes (care homes)25
Intervention	Initiated and mainly provided in the community	Interventions delivered in other settings (eg, outpatient, day hospital, intermediate care)
	Included two or more interacting components (intervention practices, structural elements, and contextual factors)	Interventions including only one discrete component (eg, exercise only)
	Targeted at the individual person, with provision of appropriate specialist care	Interventions not targeting the individual, such as general staff education or practice reorganisation
	Focused on sustaining (maintaining or improving) the person’s independence	Interventions not explicitly aimed at sustaining independence in activities of daily living
		Disease focused interventions (eg, for diabetes, depression)
		Falls prevention interventions
Comparators	Usual care, “placebo,” or attention control or a different complex intervention that met criteria	Non-complex interventions
Outcomes	Outcome domains did not form part of eligibility criteria	Outcome data were measured only before 24 weeks
Study design	Randomised controlled trials or cluster randomised controlled trials including all variants such as crossover, waiting list control, and stepped wedge designs	Post-crossover data due to likelihood of carryover. Studies for which only one unit (ie, individual or cluster) was randomised to an arm
Report characteristics	All reports regardless of publication status, date, or language	-