Table 1.
Characteristics of participants.
| HCWs* (n = 105) n (%) |
Non-HCWs† (n = 131) n (%) |
P value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| A. Sociodemographic | |||
| Gender | |||
| Male | 29 (27.6) | 46 (35.1) | .26 |
| Female | 76 (72.4) | 85 (64.9) | |
| Age | |||
| ≤40 | 68 (64.8) | 56 (42.7) | .001 |
| >40 | 37 (35.2) | 75 (57.3) | |
| Race | |||
| Malay | 61 (58.1) | 44 (33.6) | <.001 |
| Chinese | 30 (28.6) | 70 (53.4) | |
| Indian | 14 (13.3) | 16 (12.2) | |
| Others | 0 (0) | 1 (1.8) | |
| Marital status | |||
| Single/divorced/widowed | 33 (31.4) | 44 (33.6) | .78 |
| Married | 72 (68.6) | 87 (66.4) | |
| Education | |||
| Lower educational level | 12 (11.4) | 38 (29.0) | .001 |
| Higher educational level | 93 (88.6) | 93 (71.0) | |
| Income | |||
| Low (B40‡) | 55 (52.4) | 60 (45.8) | .04 |
| Middle (M40§) | 32 (30.5) | 59 (45.0) | |
| High (T20‖) | 18 (17.1) | 12 (9.2) | |
| Family support | |||
| Good | 97 (92.4) | 116 (88.5) | .38 |
| Poor | 8 (7.6) | 15 (65.2) | |
| Number of dependents | |||
| <3 | 21 (20.0) | 20 (15.3) | .39 |
| ≥3 | 84 (80.0) | 111 (84.7) | |
| B. Working condition | |||
| Working hours | |||
| ≤8 hours per day | 13 (12.4) | 39 (29.8) | .001 |
| >8 hours per day | 92 (87.6) | 92 (70.2) | |
| Working location | |||
| Work from home | 1 (1.0) | 8 (6.1) | <.001 |
| Work from office | 98 (93.3) | 95 (72.5) | |
| Hybrid | 6 (5.7) | 28 (21.4) | |
| Working away from home | |||
| Yes | 44 (41.9) | 33 (25.2) | .008 |
| No | 61 (58.1) | 98 (74.8) | |
| Workplace support | |||
| Good | 78 (74.3) | 100 (76.3) | .76 |
| Poor | 27 (25.7) | 31 (23.7) | |
| Loss of job during Covid-19 | |||
| Yes | 5 (4.8) | 10 (7.6) | .43 |
| No | 100 (95.2) | 121 (92.4) | |
| C. Health status | |||
| BMI | |||
| Non-obese | 83 (79.0) | 95 (72.5) | .29 |
| Obese | 22 (21.0) | 36 (27.5) | |
| Physical health condition | |||
| Yes | 28 (26.7) | 41 (31.3) | .47 |
| No | 77 (73.3) | 90 (68.7) | |
| Mental health condition¶ | |||
| Yes | 2 (1.9) | 3 (2.3) | 1.0 |
| No | 103 (98.1) | 128 (97.7) | |
| D. Covid-19 related events | |||
| Quarantined as close contact | |||
| Yes | 73 (69.5) | 84 (64.1) | .41 |
| No | 32 (30.5) | 47 (35.9) | |
| Contracted Covid-19 | |||
| Yes | 63 (60.0) | 74 (56.5) | .60 |
| No | 42 (40.0) | 57 (43.5) | |
| Management for Covid-19 | |||
| Not applicable | 41 (39.0) | 57 (43.5) | .15 |
| Quarantined | 61 (58.1) | 74 (56.5) | |
| Admitted | 3 (2.9) | 0 (0) | |
| Family contracted Covid-19 | |||
| Yes | 76 (72.4) | 98 (74.8) | .77 |
| No | 29 (27.6) | 33 (25.2) | |
| Family management for Covid-19 | |||
| Not applicable | 29 (27.6) | 33 (25.2) | .50 |
| Quarantined | 70 (66.7) | 94 (71.8) | |
| Admitted | 6 (5.7) | 4 (3.1) | |
| Loss of family from Covid-19 | |||
| Yes | 6 (5.7) | 6 (4.6) | .77 |
| No | 99 (94.3) | 125 (95.4) | |
Data collected were divided into sociodemographic, working condition, health status and Coronavirus disease 2019 related events.
*
Healthcare workers.
†
Non-healthcare workers.
‡
Monthly income < RM 5740 or 1214.2 USD.
§
Monthly income ≤ RM 11919 or 2521.2 USD.
‖
Monthly income ≥ RM11920 or 2521.4 USD.
¶
A medical diagnosis of any mental health condition (except anxiety and depression) before December 31, 2019.