Fig. 4. Divergent signals in monotherapy versus combination therapy.
a–c, Three examples out of the six SGBs that exhibited divergent patterns in monotherapy (PFS ≥12: n0 = 41, n1 = 49, n2 = 29 and n3 = 25; PFS <12: n0 = 49, n1 = 48, n2 = 25 and n3 = 18) compared to combination therapy (PFS ≥12: n0 = 21, n1 = 28, n2 = 9 and n3 = 5; PFS <12: n0 = 25, n1 = 21, n2 = 9 and n3 = 6): C. eutactus (SGB5121) (a), Butyricicoccus sp. AM29 23AC (SGB14991) (b) and P. merdae (SGB1949) (c). The y axis shows the expected abundance (represented in centered log ratio coordinates) for each study visit (x axis). Left: anti-PD-1 monotherapy. Right: anti-PD-1/anti-CTLA-4 combination therapy. The corresponding inset figures show the average difference between patients with PFS ≥12 and PFS <12 months at each study visit, including its 90% credible interval. The number (n) represents the number of patient samples at each visit for patients with PFS ≥12 and PFS <12 months.