Table 5.

Renal excretion of gadolinium-based contrast agents

Name	Ligand	Structure	Ionicity	Renal excretion
				(Elimination T½; hours — near complete elimination in 6 T½)
				Normal RF	Moderately reduced RF	Severely reduced RF
				(eGFR > 60 mL/min)	(eGFR 30–60 mL/min)	(eGFR < 30 mL/min)
Gadopentetate	DTPA	Linear	Ionic	1.6	4.0	30.0
Gadodiamide	DTPA-BMA	Linear	Nonionic	1.3	NA	27.4
Gadobenate	BOPTA	Linear	Ionic	1.2–2.0	5.6	9.2
Gadoxetate	EOB-DTPA	Linear	Ionic	1.0	2.2	20.0
Gadoteridol	HP-DO3A	Macrocyclic	Nonionic	1.6	6.9	9.5
Gadobutrol	BT-DO3A	Macrocyclic	Nonionic	1.8	5.8	17.6
Gadoterate	DOTA	Macrocyclic	Ionic	1.6	5.1	13.9
Gadopiclenol	Piclen	Macrocyclic	Nonionic	1.6–1.9	3.8	11.7

NA, no data available; RF, renal function; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; T½, half-life

Sources: see references in text