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. 2024 Mar 8;11:1367457. doi: 10.3389/fsurg.2024.1367457

Table 1.

Demographics of geriatric hip fracture patients.

Surgery ≤24 h
(N = 151,307)
Surgery >24 h
(N = 103,093)
P-value
In-hospital mortality, n (%) 1,794 (1.2) 1,942 (1.9) <0.001
Age, median [IQR] 80 [74–85] 81 [74–85] <0.001
Sex, n (%) <0.001
 Female 106,615 (70.5) 67,778 (65.7)
 Male 44,461 (29.4) 35,163 (34.1)
 Missing 231 (0.2) 152 (0.1)
Race, n (%)
 White 137,675 (91.0) 91,798 (89.0) <0.001
 Black 5,113 (3.4) 4,471 (4.3) <0.001
 Asian 1,623 (1.1) 1,337 (1.3) <0.001
 American Indian 977 (0.6) 455 (0.4) <0.001
 Pacific Islander 146 (0.1) 109 (0.1) 0.495
 Other 4,228 (2.8) 3,630 (3.5) <0.001
 Missing 772 (0.5) 837 (0.8)
OFS, n (%) <0.001
 0 74,081 (49.0) 44,508 (43.2)
 1 50,570 (33.4) 36,659 (35.6)
 2 20,934 (13.8) 16,857 (16.4)
 3 5,243 (3.5) 4,590 (4.5)
 ≥4 479 (0.3) 479 (0.5)
RCRI, n (%) <0.001
 0 99,168 (65.5) 59,969 (58.2)
 1 41,129 (27.2) 31,405 (30.5)
 2 9,214 (6.1) 9,464 (9.2)
 3 1,585 (1.0) 1,975 (1.9)
 ≥4 211 (0.1) 280 (0.3)
Hypertension, n (%) 100,191 (66.2) 71,472 (69.3) <0.001
Previous myocardial
 infarction, n (%)
2,241 (1.5) 2,179 (2.1) <0.001
Congestive heart failure, n (%) 12,644 (8.4) 14,042 (13.6) <0.001
Peripheral vascular disease, n (%) 3,289 (2.2) 2,851 (2.8) <0.001
Cerebrovascular disease, n (%) 8,798 (5.8) 7,385 (7.2) <0.001
Dementia, n (%) 27,996 (18.5) 19,433 (18.8) 0.028
Institutionalized, n (%) 17,137 (11.3) 12,664 (12.3) <0.001
Non-independent
 functional status, n (%)
35,584 (23.5) 26,918 (26.1) <0.001
COPD, n (%) 23,526 (15.5) 18,504 (17.9) <0.001
Current smoker, n (%) 15,988 (10.6) 10,471 (10.2) <0.001
Chronic renal failure, n (%) 5,046 (3.3) 5,148 (5.0) <0.001
Diabetes mellitus, n (%) 34,610 (22.9) 26,581 (25.8) <0.001
Cirrhosis, n (%) 1,265 (0.8) 1,157 (1.1) <0.001
Coagulopathy, n (%) 5,716 (3.8) 7,417 (7.2) <0.001
Currently receiving
 chemotherapy for cancer, n (%)
1,521 (1.0) 1,168 (1.1) 0.002
Metastatic cancer, n (%) 1,963 (1.3) 1,583 (1.5) <0.001
Drug use disorder, n (%) 1,327 (0.9) 1,049 (1.0) <0.001
Alcohol use disorder, n (%) 3,456 (2.3) 2,574 (2.5) <0.001
Major psychiatric illness, n (%) 18,670 (12.3) 12,184 (11.8) <0.001
Advanced directive
 limiting care, n (%)
13,462 (8.9) 9,639 (9.3) <0.001

OFS, orthopedic frailty score; RCRI, revised cardiac risk index; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.